mysql社区管理表_【MySql】mysql 表的常规管理-阿里云开发者社区

记录一些简单的表的管理知识,方便使用！

mysql> desc yql9;

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+

| Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+

| id    | int(11) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |

| val   | char(5) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

1 添加字段 ALTER TABLE tabname ADD field_name field_type;

mysql> alter table yql9 add new_id int(5) unsigned  default 0 not null auto_increment ,add primary key (new_id);

ERROR 1067 (42000): Invalid default value for 'new_id'

mysql> alter table yql9 add new_id int(5) unsigned  not null auto_increment ,add primary key (new_id);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> alter table yql9 add gmt_created timestamp;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yql9;

+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type            | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)         | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| val         | char(5)         | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| new_id      | int(5) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL              | auto_increment              |

| gmt_created | timestamp       | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

2 删除字段  alter table tabname drop field_name;

mysql> alter table yql9 drop column new_id;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yql9;

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type      | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)   | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| val         | char(5)   | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table yangql9 drop v;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yangql9;

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type      | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)   | NO   | PRI | 0                 |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3 修改字段的数据类型 alter table tabname change old_field_name new_field_name field_type;

mysql> alter table yql9 change val v integer;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yql9;

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type      | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)   | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| v           | int(11)   | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table yql9 change v v tinyint not null default 0;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yql9;

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type       | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)    | YES  |     | NULL              |                             |

| v           | tinyint(4) | NO   |     | 0                 |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp  | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4 重命名表

mysql> alter  table yql9 rename yangql9;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

5 添加索引 alter table tabname add index /create index idxname on tabname(column_name);

mysql> alter table yangql9 add index id_idx (id);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yangql9;

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type       | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)    | YES  | MUL | NULL              |                             |

| v           | tinyint(4) | NO   |     | 0                 |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp  | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6 添加主键

mysql> alter table yangql9 add primary key(id);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc yangql9;

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| Field       | Type       | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

| id          | int(11)    | NO   | PRI | 0                 |                             |

| v           | tinyint(4) | NO   |     | 0                 |                             |

| gmt_created | timestamp  | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

+-------------+------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)