python程序设计作业_《Python语言程序设计》第二章.练习与作业

Python语言程序设计 封面.jpeg

PDF p61, Book p45

编程题2.1温度转换

celsius = eval(input("请输入摄氏温度="))

fahreheit = (9 / 5) * celsius + 32

print("转换后的华氏温度=", fahreheit)

编程题2.2计算圆柱体的体积

radius = 20

length = 30

PI = 3.14159

area = radius * radius * PI

volume = area * length

print(area)

print(volume)

编程题2.3英尺转化为米

feets = eval(input("请输入英尺="))

meters = feets * 0.305

print(feets, " 英尺=", meters, " 米")

编程题2.4磅转化为千克

pounds = eval(input("请输入磅="))

kilograms = pounds * 0.454

print(pounds, " 磅 =", kilograms, " 千克")

编程题2.5计算小费

subtotal, gratuityRate = eval(

input("Please input subtotal and gratuityRate:")) # 输入：小计、酬金率

gratuity = subtotal * gratuityRate/100

total = subtotal * (1 + gratuityRate/100)

print(

"subtotal:", # 小计

subtotal,

" gratuityRate:", # 酬金率

gratuityRate,

" gratuity:", # 酬金

gratuity,

"total:", # 总金额

total)

编程题2.6整数拆解并求和

num = eval(input("请输入0-1000之间的整数:"))

# 9521

sum = num // 100 + (num % 100) // 10 + num % 10

print("sum=", sum)

编程题2.6整数拆解并求和进阶版

input_number = eval(input("请输入一个正整数:"))

input_number = str(input_number) # 必须先转化为字符串形式

sum = 0

for digit in input_number: # digit在字符串中

sum += int(digit)

print(sum)

编程题2.7计算年数和天数

minutes = eval(input("请输入分钟数,例如 10000000 ："))

hours = minutes // 60

days = hours // 24

years = days // 365

remainDays = days % 365

print("转化后，显示为", years, " 年，", remainDays, " 天")

编程题2.8计算能量

# 输入 水的重量

waterWeight = eval(input("请输入水的重量/千克："))

# 输入 水的初始温度

waterInitalTemp = eval(input("请输入水的初始温度/摄氏度："))

# 输入 水加热后的温度

waterFinalTemp = eval(input("请输入水加热后的温度/摄氏度："))

# 计算能量

Q = waterWeight * (waterFinalTemp - waterInitalTemp) * 4184

# 输出结果

print("按输入要求计算，加热所需能量为：", Q, " 焦耳")

编程题2.9风寒计算

tA = eval(input("请输入室外华氏温度，低于-58 或 高于 41： "))

if tA <= -58 and tA >= 41:

print("ERROR:室外华氏温度 tA 输入错误，请重新输入！")

exit() # 报错，并退出运行

v = eval(input("请输入高于 2 里/小时的室外风速： "))

if v < 2:

print("ERROR:室外风速输入错误，请重新输入！")

exit() # 报错，并退出运行

tWc = 35.74 + 0.6215 * tA - 35.75 * v**0.16 + 0.4275 * tA * v**0.16

print("当前风寒温度 = {:5f}".format(float(tWc))) # 将 tWc 参数传入{}

编程题2.10计算跑道长度

v = eval(input("请输入飞机的起飞速度，默认单位（米/秒） ："))

a = eval(input("请输入飞机的加速度，默认单位（米/秒^2） ："))

length = v**2 / (2 * a)

print("根据给定的参数，飞机起飞所需的最短跑道长度为 {} 米".format(length))

编程题2.11投资额

finalMoney = eval(input("请用户输入最终金额/元： "))

rateYear = eval(input("请用户输入年利率/%： "))

years = eval(input("请用户输入年数/年："))

rateMonth = (rateYear / 12) / 100

months = years * 12

initialMoney = finalMoney / ((1 + rateMonth)**months) # initialMoney 初始金额

print("初始投资金额 = ", initialMoney)

编程题2.12打印表格

print("{:<6}".format("a"), "{:<6}".format("b"), "{:<6}".format("a ** b"))

print("{:<6}".format(1), "{:<6}".format("2"), "{:<6}".format("1"))

print("{:<6}".format(2), "{:<6}".format("3"), "{:<6}".format("8"))

print("{:<6}".format(3), "{:<6}".format("4"), "{:<6}".format("81"))

print("{:<6}".format(4), "{:<6}".format("5"), "{:<6}".format("1024"))

print("{:<6}".format(5), "{:<6}".format("6"), "{:<6}".format("15625"))

编程题2.13分隔数字并反向逐行显示

x = eval(input("请输入4位整数："))

y = str(x) # 必须先转为 str 类型

print(y[::-1])

'''

本题答案运用 "切片+print" 的方法

参考：

range(stop)

举例，list=(range(10))，输出: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

range(start, stop[, step])

举例，list(range(0, 30, 5))，输出：[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]

解释 s[i:j:k] 是，从i 到j，步长 k，－ 表示倒叙

'''

# 笔记参考1：https://blog.csdn.net/evan123mg/article/details/49232089

# 笔记参考2：https://www.cnblogs.com/ifantastic/archive/2013/04/15/3021845.html

编程题2.14三角形的面积

x1, y1 = eval(input("请输入 A 点的坐标 x1,y1 : "))

x2, y2 = eval(input("请输入 B 点的坐标 x2,y2 : "))

x3, y3 = eval(input("请输入 C 点的坐标 x3,y3 : "))

side1 = ((x1 - x2)**2 + (y1 - y2)**2)**0.5

side2 = ((x3 - x2)**2 + (y3 - y2)**2)**0.5

side3 = ((x1 - x3)**2 + (y1 - y3)**2)**0.5

s = (side1 + side2 + side3) / 2

area = (s * (s - side1) * (s - side2) * (s - side3))**0.5 # 面积计算公式

print("三条边的长度分别为：{:.2f} {:.2f} {:.2f}".format(side1, side2, side3))

print("三角形的面积为：{:.2f}".format(area))

# 三角形面积在线计算器：https://zh.numberempire.com/arbitrary_triangle_calculator.php

编程题2.15正六边形的面积

s = eval(input("请输入正六边形的边长："))

area = (s**2) * 3 * (3**0.5) / 2

print("输入的边长 = {:.2f},正六边形的面积 = {:2f}".format(s, area))

编程题2.16加速度

v0, v1, t = eval(input("请分别输入初始速度（米/秒）、末速度（米/秒）、时间（秒）："))

a = (v1 - v0) / t

print("平均加速度为: {:.2f} 米/秒^2".format(a))

编程题2.17计算BMI

# inche 英尺，pound 磅

height_inches, weight_pounds = eval(input("请分别输入身高（英尺）和体重（磅）："))

BMI = weight_pounds * 0.45359237 / ((height_inches * 0.0254)**2)

print("身高{:.2f}英尺，体重{:.2f}磅，BMI={:.4f}".format(

height_inches, weight_pounds, BMI))

编程题2.19计算未来投资额

amount, rate, years = eval(input("请分别输入投资金额/元，年化利率/%，投资期限/年："))

accumulateAmount = amount * (1 + rate / 100 / 12)**(years * 12)

print("未来投资总额 = {:.2f} 元".format(accumulateAmount))

编程题2.20计算利息

balance, rate_interest = eval(input("请分别输入差额（元）和年化利息（%）："))

interest = balance * (rate_interest / 1200)

print("The interest is {:.2f} ".format(interest))

编程题2.21复利值

manthly_saving_amount = eval(input("请输入每月存款金额/元："))

i = 6

rate_month = 1 + 0.00417

sum = 0

for x in range(i):

sum = (manthly_saving_amount + sum) * rate_month

print(sum)

编程题2.23绘制四个圆

import turtle

radius = eval(input("请输入圆的半径："))

turtle.pensize(2) # 设定画笔粗细

turtle.circle(radius) # 第一个圆圈

turtle.penup() # 第二个圆圈

turtle.goto(radius * (-2), 0)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 第三个圆圈

turtle.goto(radius * (-2), radius * (-2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 第四个圆圈

turtle.goto(0, radius * (-2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup()

turtle.goto(radius, 0)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.write("半径 = {:.0f} ".format(radius), font=("Arial", 16, "normal"))

turtle.done()

编程题2.23绘制四个圆1

import turtle

turtle.screensize(500, 500)

turtle.pensize(2)

turtle.pencolor("red")

radius = eval(input("请输入圆的半径："))

turtle.penup() # 第一个圆

turtle.forward(radius)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 第二个圆

turtle.forward(radius * (-2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 第三个圆

turtle.right(90)

turtle.forward(radius * (2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.right(-90)

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 第四个圆

turtle.forward(radius * 2)

turtle.down()

turtle.circle(radius)

turtle.penup() # 文字

turtle.goto(radius, radius)

turtle.down()

turtle.write("半径 = {:.0f}".format(radius), font=("Arial", 16, "normal"))

turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.done()

编程题2.24绘制4个正六边形

import turtle

turtle.screensize(500, 500)

turtle.pensize(2)

turtle.pencolor("red")

radius = eval(input("请输入圆的半径："))

turtle.penup() # 第一个圆

turtle.forward(radius)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius,360,6)

turtle.penup() # 第二个圆

turtle.forward(radius * (-2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.circle(radius,360,6)

turtle.penup() # 第三个圆

turtle.right(90)

turtle.forward(radius * (2))

turtle.pendown()

turtle.right(-90)

turtle.circle(radius,360,6)

turtle.penup() # 第四个圆

turtle.forward(radius * 2)

turtle.down()

turtle.circle(radius,360,6)

turtle.penup() # 文字

turtle.goto(radius, radius)

turtle.down()

turtle.write("正六边形外切圆的半径 = {:.0f}".format(radius), font=("Arial", 16, "normal")) # ...半径也可用int(radius)

turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.done()

编程题2.25绘制一个矩形

import turtle

x, y = eval(input("请输入矩形的中心点："))

a, b = eval(input("请输入矩形的长和宽："))

# 显示原点坐标

turtle.dot(5, "red")

turtle.write(

"原点 ({},{})".format(

0, 0), align="center", font=(

"Arial", 12, "normal"))

# 显示矩形中心点坐标

turtle.penup()

turtle.goto(x, y)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.dot(5, "blue")

turtle.write(

"矩形中心点 ({},{})".format(

x, y), align="center", font=(

"Arial", 12, "normal"))

# 绘制矩形

turtle.penup()

turtle.goto(x + a / 2, y + b / 2)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.fd(-a)

turtle.right(90)

turtle.fd(b)

turtle.right(-90)

turtle.fd(a)

turtle.right(-90)

turtle.fd(b)

# 隐藏小海龟

turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.done()

编程题2.26绘制一个圆（略作修改）

import turtle

x, y = eval(input("请输入圆心坐标(x,y)："))

radius = eval(input("请输入圆的半径："))

# 原点坐标

turtle.dot(3, "red")

turtle.write("原点 (0,0)", align="center", font=("Arial", 12, "normal"))

# 圆心坐标

turtle.penup()

turtle.goto(x, y)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.dot(3, "blue")

turtle.write(

"圆心 ({:.2f},{:.2f})".format(

x, y), align="center", font=(

"Arial", 12, "normal"))

# 绘制圆形

turtle.pensize(2)

turtle.pencolor("blue")

turtle.right(90)

turtle.penup()

turtle.fd(radius)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.right(-90)

turtle.circle(radius)

# 计算面积

PI = 3.1415927

s = PI * radius * radius

turtle.penup()

turtle.goto(x, -y / 4)

turtle.pendown()

turtle.write(

("r = {:.2f}\ns = {:.2f}").format(

radius, s), align="right", font=(

"Arial", 12, "normal"))

turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.done()

编程题2.18待更新，PDF p63