python如何迭代生成矩阵_如何在python中迭代矩阵列

您可以为行和列创建一个列表，只需在矩阵上迭代一次，同时将正确的部分相加：

创建解调数据：import random

random.seed(42)

matrix = []

for n in range(10):

matrix.append(random.choices([0,1],k=10))

print(*matrix,sep="\n")

输出：

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数一数：rows = [] # empty list for rows - you can simply sum over each row

cols = [0]*len(matrix[0]) # list of 0 that you can increment while iterating your matrix

for row in matrix:

for c,col in enumerate(row): # enumerate gives you the (index,value) tuple

rows.append( sum(x for x in row) ) # simply sum over row

cols[c] += col # adds either 0 or 1 to the col-index

print("rows:",rows)

print("cols:",cols)

输出：rows: [4, 5, 5, 9, 2, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6] # row 0 == 4, row 1 == 5, ...

cols: [6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3] # same for cols

代码更少，但使用zip()对矩阵进行两次完整传递，以转置数据：rows = [sum(r) for r in matrix]

cols = [sum(c) for c in zip(*matrix)]

print("rows:",rows)

print("cols:",cols)

输出：(相同)rows: [4, 5, 5, 9, 2, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6]

cols: [6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3]

您必须对其进行计时，但是两次完整迭代和压缩的开销可能仍然值得，因为zip()方法继承性比在列表上循环更优化。折衷可能只对某些矩阵尺寸有价值。。。在