数据类型String字符串
Number数字类型
int整型
long长整型
float浮点型
List列表
Tuple元组
Dictionary字典
Boolean布尔值
Set集合
String 字符串say = "Hello"
类型转换,将数字类型转换成字符串'''
str:将数字类型转换成字符串类型
type:可以查看一个变量的类型:代表是整型:代表是字符串
'''
a = 1
print (type(a)) #输出结果:a = str(a)
print (type(a)) #输出结果:#这里我们可以看出来,我们把一个整型转换成了字符串
int 整型就是没有小数点say = 1 #这里可以是1 3 5 55...
long 长整型比整型长度更长整数没有小数点say = 1000000000000000000
float 浮点型我们的钱分元角分厘一般和钱有关的存在小数的居多say = 168.68 #这里假如是钱那就是168元6角8分
List 列表say = ["hello", 1, 2, "hi", "you"]
print (say) #输出结果:['hello', 1, 2, 'hi', 'you']
print (say[0]) #输出结果:hello
print (say[1]) #输出结果:1
print (say[1:]) #输出结果:[1, 2, 'hi', 'you']
print (say[1:3]) #输出结果:[1, 2]
print (len(say)); #输出结果:5
用enumerate同时遍历列表索引和索引对应的值hello = ["nice", 1, "you"]
for i,v in enumerate(hello):
print(i, v)
用zip同时遍历多个列表hello = ["nice", 1, "you"]
hi = ["to", 2, "meet"]
for item1, item2 in zip(hello, hi): #这里可是多个列表,自已可以尝试,zip函数接收参数相当于可变参数
print(item1, item2)
用reversed反向遍历列表hello = ["nice", 1, "you"]
for item1 in reversed(hello):
print(item1)
用sorted排序遍历列表hello = [7, 5, 1, 3, 9]
for item1 in sorted(hello): #这里需注意使用sorted需要表列数据类型要一致才行,要么是int,要么是str
print(item1)
Tuple 数组say = ("hello", 1, 2, "hi", "you")
print (say) #输出结果:('hello', 1, 2, 'hi', 'you')
print (say[0]) #输出结果:hello
print (say[1]) #输出结果:1
print (say[1:]) #输出结果:(1, 2, 'hi', 'you')
print (say[1:3]) #输出结果:(1, 2)
print (len(say)); #输出结果:5
List列表和Tuple元组区别say =["hello", 1, 2, "hi", "you"]
say[1]="abc";
print (say) #输出结果:['hello', 'abc', 2, 'hi', 'you']
say = ("hello", 1, 2, "hi", "you")
say[1]="abc";
print (say) #输出结果:报错了如下
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "xxx\xxx.py", line 2, insay[1]="abc";
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
Dictionary 字典say = {}
say["hello"] = "how are you!"
say[0] = 1
say[1] = "hi"
print (say[0]) #输出结果:1
print (say["hello"]) #输出结果:how are you!
say = {"hello": "how are you!", 0: 1, 1:"hi" }
print (say[0]) #输出结果:1
print (say["hello"]) #输出结果:how are you!
以下也为代码示例:'''
'''
hello = {"hello":1, "are":2, "you":"you"}
print("hello =", hello)
print("hello['are'] =", hello["are"]) #打印键为are的值
hello["are"] = 888 #给键are赋值新值为888
print("hello['are'] =", hello["are"]) #打印键为are的值
print("hello =", hello)
hi = list(hello.keys()) #获取所有的键列表
print("hi =", hi)
how = sorted(hello.keys()) #获取所有的键列表并排序
print("how =", how)
del hello["are"] #del删除键为are的项(元素)
print("hello =", hello)
flag = "test" in hello #判断test键是否在hello字典中
print("flag =", flag)
flag = "you" in hello #判断test键是否在hello字典中,结果中有True/False
print("flag =", flag) #判断you键是否在hello字典中,结果中有True/False
flag = "test" not in hello #判断test键是否不在hello字典中,结果中有True/False
print("flag =", flag)
for遍历字典hello = {"hello": "h1", "how": "h2", "are": 123, "you": 2, "nice": "n1"}
print(hello)
for key,val in hello.items():
print(key, val)
字典中get()用法name = {"hello":"hi", "hi":"hello"}
print('name["hi"] =', name["hi"])
print('name.get("hi") =', name.get("hi"))
print('name.get("hsi") =', name.get("hsi"))
Boolean 布尔值flag=True;
if flag:
print ("True")
print("hello")
else:
print ("False")
print ("hi")
'''
输出结果:
True
hello
'''
Set集合how = { "nice", "how", "are", "you", "nice"} #声明一个集合并赋值
print("how =", how) #打印输出发现已去除重复项
are =set() #声明一个空集合
print("are =", are)
are.add("you") #空集号添加一个值
print("are =", are)
print("--------------------------------以下参考一下就行")
hi = set("abcdeabfcd")
hello = set("abcdega")
print("hi =", hi)
print("hello =", hello)
print("hi - hello =", hi - hello) #获取hi集合中,在hello集合中不存在的项
print("hello - hi =", hello - hi) #获取hello集合中,在hi集合中不存在的项
print("hi | hello =", hi | hello) #获取hi和hello的合集,去除重复
print("hi & hello =", hi & hello) #获取即在hi集合中,也在hello集合中的项
print("hi ^ hello", hi ^ hello) #获取只在一个hi集合或hello集号中出现的项,也就是这个元素(项),不同时存在hi和hello集合
运行结果图片: