mysql 慢查询 是否开启_MySQL慢查询 - 开启慢查询

一、简介

开启慢查询日志，可以让MySQL记录下查询超过指定时间的语句，通过定位分析性能的瓶颈，才能更好的优化数据库系统的性能。

二、参数说明

slow_query_log 慢查询开启状态

slow_query_log_file 慢查询日志存放的位置(这个目录需要MySQL的运行帐号的可写权限，一般设置为MySQL的数据存放目录)

long_query_time 查询超过多少秒才记录

三、设置步骤

1.查看慢查询相关参数

mysql> show variables like 'slow_query_log%';

+---------------------------+----------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------------+----------------------------------+

| slow_query_log | OFF |

| slow_query_log_file | /mysql/data/localhost-slow.log |

+---------------------------+----------------------------------+

mysql> show variables like 'long_query_time';

+-----------------+-----------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------+-----------+

| long_query_time | 10.000000 |

+-----------------+-----------+

2.设置方法

方法一：全局变量设置

将 slow_query_log 全局变量设置为“ON”状态

mysql> set global slow_query_log='ON';

设置慢查询日志存放的位置

mysql> set global slow_query_log_file='/usr/local/mysql/data/slow-query-log.log';

查询超过1秒就记录

mysql> set global long_query_time=1;

方法二：配置文件设置

修改配置文件my.cnf，在[mysqld]下的下方加入

[mysqld]

slow_query_log = ON #开启慢查询

slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/data/slow-query-log.log #慢查询日志路径

long_query_time = 1 #慢查询时间阈值 单位时间秒

3.重启MySQL服务

service mysql restart

4.查看设置后的参数

mysql> show variables like 'slow_query%';

+---------------------+-------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------+-------------------------------------------+

| slow_query_log | ON |

| slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/data/slow-query-log.log |

+---------------------+-------------------------------------------+

mysql> show variables like 'long_query_time';

+-----------------+----------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-----------------+----------+

| long_query_time | 1.000000 |

+-----------------+----------+

四、测试

1.执行一条慢查询SQL语句

mysql> select sleep(2);

2.查看是否生成慢查询日志

ls /usr/local/mysql/data/slow.log

如果日志存在，MySQL开启慢查询设置成功

五、慢查询日志分析(分析工具)

分析工具干什么事的呢，其实就是把mysql-slow.log里面记录下来的数据，分析一下显示出来。其实自己写一个shell脚本也是可以把要的信息取出来的。我们来看一下mysql-slow.log里面到底是什么东西。

[root@BlackGhost mysql]# cat mysql-slow.log //查看命令

/usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld, Version: 5.1.26-rc-log (Source distribution). started with:

Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

Time Id Command Argument

# Time: 100814 13:28:30

# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []

# Query_time: 10.096500 Lock_time: 0.045791 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192

SET timestamp=1281763710;

select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15);

# Time: 100814 13:37:02

# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []

# Query_time: 10.394134 Lock_time: 0.000091 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 2374192

SET timestamp=1281764222;

select count(distinct ad_code) as x from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where media_id=15);

# Time: 100814 13:37:16

# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []

# Query_time: 4.608920 Lock_time: 0.000078 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 1260544

SET timestamp=1281764236;

select count(*) as cou from ad_visit_history where ad_code in (select ad_code from ad_list where id=41) order by id desc;

看到了，就是记录一下sql语句的执行情况，包括执行时间，锁定时间等，所以要不要分析工具看个人情况，分析工具很多，在这儿只说一下mysql自带的慢查询分析工具mysqldumpslow的使用方法。

[root@BlackGhost bin]# mysqldumpslow -h

Option h requires an argument

ERROR: bad option

Usage: mysqldumpslow [ OPTS... ] [ LOGS... ]

Parse and summarize the MySQL slow query log. Options are

--verbose verbose

--debug debug

--help write this text to standard output

-v verbose

-d debug //查错

-s ORDER what to sort by (t, at, l, al, r, ar etc), 'at' is default //排序方式query次数，时间，lock的时间和返回的记录数来排序

-r reverse the sort order (largest last instead of first) //倒排序

-t NUM just show the top n queries //显示前N多个

-a don't abstract all numbers to N and strings to 'S'

-n NUM abstract numbers with at least n digits within names //抽象的数字，至 少有n位内的名称

-g PATTERN grep: only consider stmts that include this string //配置模式

-h HOSTNAME hostname of db server for *-slow.log filename (can be wildcard), //mysql所以机器名或者IP

default is '*', i.e. match all

-i NAME name of server instance (if using mysql.server startup script)

-l don't subtract lock time from total time //总时间中不减去锁定时间

例子：

[root@VM_0_12_centos bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log

[root@VM_0_12_centos bin]# ./mysqldumpslow -s r -t 20 -g 'count' /usr/local/mysql/mysql-slow.log