笨方法python3_“笨方法”学Python3，习题 13 。

笨方法”学Python3，习题 13：参数、解包和变量

1、 什么是脚本 ？

2、 如何将变量传递给脚本 ？

3、 什么是模块 ？

一、基础代码

所写的代码：
from sys import argv
# read the WYSS section for how to run this
script, first, second, third = argv
 
print("The script is called:", script)
print("Your first variable is:", first)
print("Your second variable is:", second)
print("your third variable is:", third)
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保存上述代码，在终端输入变量，应该看到的结果：
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ex13.py first 2nd 3rd
The script is called: d:/代码/ex13.py
Your first variable is: first
Your second variable is: 2nd
your third variable is: 3rd

终端输入变量

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二、巩固练习

1、给少于3个参数

1、给0个参数，实际有1个参数，还缺少3个参数
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ex13.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:/代码/ex13.py", line 3, in <module>
    script, first, second, third = argv
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 1)
2、给1个参数，实际有2个参数，还缺少2个参数
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ex13.py first
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:/代码/ex13.py", line 3, in <module>
    script, first, second, third = argv
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 2)
3、给2个参数，实际有3个参数，还缺少1个参数
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ex13.py first 2nd
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:/代码/ex13.py", line 3, in <module>
    script, first, second, third = argv
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 4, got 3)

2、更多的参数

所写的代码：
from sys import argv
script, name, age, height, weight = argv

print(f"The script is {script}.")
print("My name is {}.".format(name))
print("I'm", age, "old.")
print(f"I'm {height} cm",end = ", ")
print(f" {weight} kg.nI'm sure!!!t-u-")
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应该看到的结果：
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ps.py Jimmy 19 197 83
The script is d:/代码/ps.py.
My name is Jimmy.
I'm 19 old.
I'm 197 cm,  83 kg.
I'm sure!!!     -u-

终端写入的参数

3、更少的参数&将input和argv一起使用

所写的代码：
from sys import argv
script, name, age = argv

height = input("What's your height ?")
weight = input("And weight ?")

print(f"The script is {script}.")
print("His name is {}.".format(name))
print("He is", age, "old.")
print(f"He is {height} cm",end = ", ")
print(f" {weight} kg.nI'm sure!!!t-u-")
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应该看到的结果：
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ps.py Jimmy 19
What's your height ?197
And weight ?83
The script is d:/代码/ps.py.
His name is Jimmy.
He is 19 old.
He is 197 cm,  83 kg.
I'm sure!!!     -u-

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总结：

1、脚本就是你编写的.py程序

2、可以通过input函数在终端输入变量来传递给脚本，也可以通过argv参数变量来传参

3、模块类似“库”，我们从库中引入特性

4、argv（argument variable）参数变量，可以同时定义多个变量，其中第一个为文件名

5、解包（unpack）是把argv中的东西取出，解包，将在终端（terminal）输入的所有参数依次赋值给左边的变量

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