美国计算机属于敏感专业吗,美国留学F1签证中最常见被check的14个敏感专业

很多人在签证时候都会碰到check的情况，尤其是针对一些敏感专业，很容易就被check了，因此对于这些敏感专业，在签证的时候要尽量淡化，或者想好说明和做好被check的心理准备。Julie老师这次被行政审查估计就是因为专业吧，chemical

engineering。。。。。

下面是比较全面的美国留学敏感专业列表。

1. CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS:

Technologies associated with warhead and other large caliber

projectiles, reactive armor and

warhead defeat systems, fusing, and arming systems.

2. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY:

This section covers technologies associated with the

production and use of nuclear material for both peaceful and

military applications. Included are technologies for enrichment of

fissile material, for reprocessing irradiated nuclear fuel to

recover produced platinum, production of heavy water for moderator

material, plutonium and tritium handling, as well as certain

associated technologies related to high energy physics. It includes

research and poser reactors, breeder and production reactors,

fissile or special nuclear materials; uranium enrichment, including

gaseous diffusion, centrifuge, aerodynamics, chemical,

electromagnetic isotopic separation (EMIS) laser, isotopic

separation (LIS); spent fuel reprocessing, plutonium, mixed oxide

nuclear research, inertial confinement fusion (ICF), magnetic

confinement fusion, plasma, nuclear fuel fabrication including

mixed oxide (uranium-plutonium) fuels (MOX), heavy water

production, tritium production and sue, electromagnetic pulse

(EMP); hardening technology.

3. MISSILE/MISSILE TECHNOLOGY:

Technologies associated with air vehicles and missile systems.

The technology needed to develop a satellite launch vehicle is

virtually identical to that needed to build a ballistic missile.

Technologies include rocket systems, ballistic missiles, space

launch vehicles and sounding rockets and unmanned air equipment and

reentry vehicles.

4. AIRCRAFT AND MISSILE PROPULSION AND VEHICULAR

SYSTEMS:

The propulsion technologies included are associated with

near-earth super and hypersonic flight propulsion systems for

aircraft and missiles. Many of these technologies are dual use.

Technologies include liquid and solid rocket propulsion systems;

missile propulsion and systems integration; individual rocket

states or staging/separation mechanism; aerospace thermal and

high-performance structures; propulsion systems test

facilities.

5. NAVIGATION AND GUIDANCE CONTROL:

These capabilities directly determine the delivery accuracy

and lethality of both unguided and guided weapons. The long-term

costs to design, build and apply these technologies have been a

limiting proliferation factor. Technologies include those

associated with internal navigation systems, tracking and terminal

homing devices; accelerometers, vehicle and flight control

systems.

6. CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

ENGINEERING:

Of specific concern is the ability to develop, produce, and

disseminate toxic chemicals, biological and toxin agents. The

technologies that could be applied to produce chemical and

biological agents are used widely by civilian research laboratories

and industry; these technologies are relatively common in many

countries. Advanced biotechnology has the potential to support

biological weapons research. Look for technologies associated with

bacteriology (especially pathogenic), mutagens, mycology,

neurotoxins, reconbiant technology, toxins, venoms, virology,

precursor chemicals, toxicological research, chemical production

equipment*

7. REMOTE IMAGING AND RECONNAISSANCE:

Remote sensing technologies are inherently dual-use;

technologies can be used for civilian imagery projects or for

military reconnaissance efforts. Drones and remotely piloted

vehicles enhance reconnaissance abilities. These are technologies

associated with remote sensing satellites; imagery systems; high

resolution cameras and optics; air vehicles; remotely-piloted

vehicles, drones

8. ADVANCED COMPUTER/MICROELECTRONIC

TECHNOLOGY:

Advance computers and software play a useful (but not

necessarily critical) role in the development and deployment of

missiles and missile systems, and in the development and production

of nuclear weapons. Advance computer capabilities are also used in

over-the- horizon targeting, airborne early warning targeting,

electronic countermeasures (ECM) processors. These technologies are

associated with supercomputing, hybrid computing; speech

processing/recognition systems; neural networks; data fusion;

quantum wells, resonant tunneling; superconductivity; advance

optoeletronics, acoustic wave devices, superconducting electron

devices, flash discharge type x-ray systems; frequency

synthesizers; microcomputer compensated crystal oscillators.

9. MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY:

The metallic, ceramic, and composite materials are primarily

related to structural functions in aircraft, spacecraft, missiles,

undersea vehicles, and propulsion devices. Polymers provide seals

and sealants for containment of identified fluids and lubricants

for various vehicles and devices. Selected specialty materials

provide critical capabilities that exploit electromagnetic

absorption, magnetic, or superconductivity characteristics.. These

technologies are associated with advance metals and alloys;

non-composite ceramic materials, ceramic, cermet, organic and

carbon materials; polymeric materials; synthetic fluids; hot

isostatic densifications; intermetallic; organometals; liquid and

solid lubricant; magnetic metals and superconductive

conductors.

10. INFORMATION SECURITY:

Technologies associated with cryptography and cryptographic

systems to ensure secrecy for communications, video, data and

related software.

11. LASERS AND DIRECTED ENERGY SYSTEMS

TECHNOLOGY:

Lasers have critical military applications, including

incorporation in guided ordnance such as laser guided bombs and

ranging devices. Directed energy technologies are used to generate

electromagnetic radiation or particle beams and to project that

energy on a specific target. Kinetic energy technologies are those

used to impart a high velocity to a mass and direct it to a target.

Directed energy and kinetic energy technologies have potential

utility in countering missiles and other applications. Look for

technologies associated with atomic vapor laser isotope separation

(AVLIS), molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS); high energy

lasers (HEL), low energy lasers (LEL), semiconductor lasers, free

electron lasers , directed energy (DE), kinetic energy (KE)

systems, particle beam, beam rider, electromagnetic guns,

optoelectronics, optical tracking, high energy density, high-speed

pulse generation, pulsed power, hypersonic/hypervelocity,

magnetohydronynamics.

12. SENSORS AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY:

Sensors provide real-time information and data; the side with

superior sensors has a considerable advantage. Marina acoustics is

critical in anti- submarine warfare; gravity meters are essential

for missile launch calibration. Look for technologies associated

with marine acoustics, optical sensors, night-visions devices,

image intensification devices; gravity meters; high speed

photographic equipment; magnetometers.

13. MARINE TECHNOLOGY:

Marine technologies are often associated with submarines and

other deep submersible vessels; propulsion systems designed for

undersea use and navigation and quieting systems are associated

with reducing detectability and enhancing operations survivability.

Look for technologies connected with submarines and submersibles,

undersea robots, marine propulsion systems; signature recognition;

acoustic and non-acoustic detection; acoustic, ware, radar and

magnetic signature reduction, magnetohydrodynamics; stirring

engines.6

14. ROBOTICS:

Technologies associated with artificial intelligence,

automation, computer-controlled machine tools; pattern recognition

technologies