Given a list like this:
mylist = ["name", "state", "name", "city", "name", "zip", "zip"]
I would like to rename the duplicates by appending a number to get the following result:
mylist = ["name1", "state", "name2", "city", "name3", "zip1", "zip2"]
I do not want to change the order of the original list. The solutions suggested for this related Stack Overflow question sorts the list, which I do not want to do.
解决方案
This is how I would do it. EDIT: I wrote this into a more generalized utility function since people seem to like this answer.
mylist = ["name", "state", "name", "city", "name", "zip", "zip"]
check = ["name1", "state", "name2", "city", "name3", "zip1", "zip2"]
copy = mylist[:] # so we will only mutate the copy in case of failure
from collections import Counter # Counter counts the number of occurrences of each item
from itertools import tee, count
def uniquify(seq, suffs = count(1)):
"""Make all the items unique by adding a suffix (1, 2, etc).
`seq` is mutable sequence of strings.
`suffs` is an optional alternative suffix iterable.
"""
not_unique = [k for k,v in Counter(seq).items() if v>1] # so we have: ['name', 'zip']
# suffix generator dict - e.g., {'name': , 'zip': }
suff_gens = dict(zip(not_unique, tee(suffs, len(not_unique))))
for idx,s in enumerate(seq):
try:
suffix = str(next(suff_gens[s]))
except KeyError:
# s was unique
continue
else:
seq[idx] += suffix
uniquify(copy)
assert copy==check # raise an error if we failed
mylist = copy # success
If you wanted to append an underscore before each count, you could do something like this:
>>> mylist = ["name", "state", "name", "city", "name", "zip", "zip"]
>>> uniquify(mylist, (f'_{x!s}' for x in range(1, 100)))
>>> mylist
['name_1', 'state', 'name_2', 'city', 'name_3', 'zip_1', 'zip_2']
...or if you wanted to use letters instead:
>>> mylist = ["name", "state", "name", "city", "name", "zip", "zip"]
>>> import string
>>> uniquify(mylist, (f'_{x!s}' for x in string.ascii_lowercase))
>>> mylist
['name_a', 'state', 'name_b', 'city', 'name_c', 'zip_a', 'zip_b']
NOTE: this is not the fastest possible algorithm; for that, refer to the answer by ronakg. The advantage of the function above is it is easy to understand and read, and you're not going to see much of a performance difference unless you have an extremely large list.
EDIT: Here is my original answer in a one-liner, however the order is not preserved and it uses the .index method, which is extremely suboptimal (as explained in the answer by DTing). See the answer by queezz for a nice 'two-liner' that preserves order.
[s + str(suffix) if num>1 else s for s,num in Counter(mylist).items() for suffix in range(1, num+1)]
# Produces: ['zip1', 'zip2', 'city', 'state', 'name1', 'name2', 'name3']