msgpack的使用

我们在传输的时候都是以json格式传输TCP数据  如:

{"id":"9b51149b-62a6-4ecd-913a-03c86e4f1ee1","name":"jxd"}

但是 假如我们把key去掉 只保留value  如:

["9b51149b-62a6-4ecd-913a-03c86e4f1ee1","jxd"]

这就是 msgpack

它们的网站https://msgpack.org/   假如很长的一个报文 去掉key的话 会极大减少带宽 ,我们依据顺序来 进行 Bean的组装

上代码:

首先老规矩 引入 maven 依赖 

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.msgpack</groupId>
    <artifactId>msgpack</artifactId>
    <version>0.6.12</version>
</dependency>

建立一个MsgEntity实体类

import lombok.Data;
import org.msgpack.annotation.Message;

@Data
@Message//注意必须要有无参数构造器
public class MsgEntity {
    private String id;
    private Integer age;
    private String name;

    public MsgEntity(String id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public MsgEntity() {
    }

建立一个测试代码

public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        MsgEntity msgEntity = new MsgEntity(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "jxd");
        String json = JSONObject.toJSONString(msgEntity);
        System.out.println(json);
        MessagePack messagePack = new MessagePack();
        //将对象转换成数组
        byte[] by = messagePack.write(msgEntity);
        //反序列化
        Value read = messagePack.read(by);
        System.out.println(read);//是没有Key的
    }
}

运行结果如图所示,然后依据这个MsgEntity 顺序可以组装成Bean 对象 , 拿到这种数据之后可以用JAVA 的反射技术进行Bean的组装

}
======================= MessagePack for Python ======================= :author: INADA Naoki :version: 0.4.1 :date: 2014-02-17 .. image:: https://secure.travis-ci.org/msgpack/msgpack-python.png :target: https://travis-ci.org/#!/msgpack/msgpack-python What's this ------------ `MessagePack <http://msgpack.org/>`_ is a fast, compact binary serialization format, suitable for similar data to JSON. This package provides CPython bindings for reading and writing MessagePack data. Install --------- You can use ``pip`` or ``easy_install`` to install msgpack:: $ easy_install msgpack-python or $ pip install msgpack-python PyPy ^^^^^ msgpack-python provides pure python implementation. PyPy can use this. Windows ^^^^^^^ When you can't use binary distribution, you need to install Visual Studio or Windows SDK on Windows. (NOTE: Visual C++ Express 2010 doesn't support amd64. Windows SDK is recommanded way to build amd64 msgpack without any fee.) Without extension, using pure python implementation on CPython runs slowly. Notes ----- Note for msgpack 2.0 support ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ msgpack 2.0 adds two types: *bin* and *ext*. *raw* was bytes or string type like Python 2's ``str``. To distinguish string and bytes, msgpack 2.0 adds *bin*. It is non-string binary like Python 3's ``bytes``. To use *bin* type for packing ``bytes``, pass ``use_bin_type=True`` to packer argument. >>> import msgpack >>> packed = msgpack.packb([b'spam', u'egg'], use_bin_type=True) >>> msgpack.unpackb(packed, encoding='utf-8') ['spam', u'egg'] You shoud use it carefully. When you use ``use_bin_type=True``, packed binary can be unpacked by unpackers supporting msgpack-2.0. To use *ext* type, pass ``msgpack.ExtType`` object to packer. >>> import msgpack >>> packed = msgpack.packb(msgpack.ExtType(42, b'xyzzy')) >>> msgpack.unpackb(packed) ExtType(code=42, data='xyzzy') You can use it with ``default`` and ``ext_hook``. See below. Note for msgpack 0.2.x users ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The msgpack 0.3 have some incompatible changes. The default value of ``use_list`` keyword argument is ``True`` from 0.3. You should pass the argument explicitly for backward compatibility. `Unpacker.unpack()` and some unpack methods now raises `OutOfData` instead of `StopIteration`. `StopIteration` is used for iterator protocol only. How to use ----------- One-shot pack & unpack ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Use ``packb`` for packing and ``unpackb`` for unpacking. msgpack provides ``dumps`` and ``loads`` as alias for compatibility with ``json`` and ``pickle``. ``pack`` and ``dump`` packs to file-like object. ``unpack`` and ``load`` unpacks from file-like object. :: >>> import msgpack >>> msgpack.packb([1, 2, 3]) '\x93\x01\x02\x03' >>> msgpack.unpackb(_) [1, 2, 3] ``unpack`` unpacks msgpack's array to Python's list, but can unpack to tuple:: >>> msgpack.unpackb(b'\x93\x01\x02\x03', use_list=False) (1, 2, 3) You should always pass the ``use_list`` keyword argument. See performance issues relating to use_list_ below. Read the docstring for other options. Streaming unpacking ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ``Unpacker`` is a "streaming unpacker". It unpacks multiple objects from one stream (or from bytes provided through its ``feed`` method). :: import msgpack from io import BytesIO buf = BytesIO() for i in range(100): buf.write(msgpack.packb(range(i))) buf.seek(0) unpacker = msgpack.Unpacker(buf) for unpacked in unpacker: print unpacked Packing/unpacking of custom data type ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ It is also possible to pack/unpack custom data types. Here is an example for ``datetime.datetime``. :: import datetime import msgpack useful_dict = { "id": 1, "created": datetime.datetime.now(), } def decode_datetime(obj): if b'__datetime__' in obj: obj = datetime.datetime.strptime(obj["as_str"], "%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S.%f") return obj def encode_datetime(obj): if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime): return {'__datetime__': True, 'as_str': obj.strftime("%Y%m%dT%H:%M:%S.%f")} return obj packed_dict = msgpack.packb(useful_dict, default=encode_datetime) this_dict_again = msgpack.unpackb(packed_dict, object_hook=decode_datetime) ``Unpacker``'s ``object_hook`` callback receives a dict; the ``object_pairs_hook`` callback may instead be used to receive a list of key-value pairs. Extended types ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ It is also possible to pack/unpack custom data types using the msgpack 2.0 feature. >>> import msgpack >>> import array >>> def default(obj): ... if isinstance(obj, array.array) and obj.typecode == 'd': ... return msgpack.ExtType(42, obj.tostring()) ... raise TypeError("Unknown type: %r" % (obj,)) ... >>> def ext_hook(code, data): ... if code == 42: ... a = array.array('d') ... a.fromstring(data) ... return a ... return ExtType(code, data) ... >>> data = array.array('d', [1.2, 3.4]) >>> packed = msgpack.packb(data, default=default) >>> unpacked = msgpack.unpackb(packed, ext_hook=ext_hook) >>> data == unpacked True Advanced unpacking control ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ As an alternative to iteration, ``Unpacker`` objects provide ``unpack``, ``skip``, ``read_array_header`` and ``read_map_header`` methods. The former two read an entire message from the stream, respectively deserialising and returning the result, or ignoring it. The latter two methods return the number of elements in the upcoming container, so that each element in an array, or key-value pair in a map, can be unpacked or skipped individually. Each of these methods may optionally write the packed data it reads to a callback function: :: from io import BytesIO def distribute(unpacker, get_worker): nelems = unpacker.read_map_header() for i in range(nelems): # Select a worker for the given key key = unpacker.unpack() worker = get_worker(key) # Send the value as a packed message to worker bytestream = BytesIO() unpacker.skip(bytestream.write) worker.send(bytestream.getvalue()) Note about performance ------------------------ GC ^^ CPython's GC starts when growing allocated object. This means unpacking may cause useless GC. You can use ``gc.disable()`` when unpacking large message. `use_list` option ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ List is the default sequence type of Python. But tuple is lighter than list. You can use ``use_list=False`` while unpacking when performance is important. Python's dict can't use list as key and MessagePack allows array for key of mapping. ``use_list=False`` allows unpacking such message. Another way to unpacking such object is using ``object_pairs_hook``. Test ---- MessagePack uses `pytest` for testing. Run test with following command: $ py.test .. vim: filetype=rst
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