python random_标准库中python的random.random（）的范围

其他的答案已经澄清了1不在范围之内，但是出于好奇，我决定看看源代码，看看它是如何精确计算的。

可以找到CPython源here/* random_random is the function named genrand_res53 in the original code;

* generates a random number on [0,1) with 53-bit resolution; note that

* 9007199254740992 == 2**53; I assume they're spelling "/2**53" as

* multiply-by-reciprocal in the (likely vain) hope that the compiler will

* optimize the division away at compile-time. 67108864 is 2**26. In

* effect, a contains 27 random bits shifted left 26, and b fills in the

* lower 26 bits of the 53-bit numerator.

* The orginal code credited Isaku Wada for this algorithm, 2002/01/09.

*/

static PyObject *

random_random(RandomObject *self)

{

unsigned long a=genrand_int32(self)>>5, b=genrand_int32(self)>>6;

return PyFloat_FromDouble((a*67108864.0+b)*(1.0/9007199254740992.0));

}

因此，函数有效地生成m/2^53，其中0 <= m < 2^53是一个整数。由于浮点数通常有53位精度，这意味着在[1/2，1]范围内，将生成所有可能的浮点数。对于接近0的值，它跳过一些可能的浮点值以提高效率，但生成的数字在范围内均匀分布。由random.random生成的最大可能数正是

0.999999999999988897769753748434595763683319091796875