python获取邮件内容_python如何读取邮件数据以及下载附件的实例详解

这篇文章主要介绍了详解python读取邮件数据并下载附件的实例的相关资料,这里提供实现实例，帮助大家学习理解这部分内容，需要的朋友可以参考下

详解python实现读取邮件数据并下载附件的实例

实现结果图：

实现代码：

#!/usr/bin/python2.7

# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_

"""

@Author: MarkLiu

"""

import poplib

import email

from email.parser import Parser

from email.header import decode_header

from email.utils import parseaddr

def decode_str(s):

value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]

if charset:

value = value.decode(charset)

return value

def guess_charset(msg):

# 先从msg对象获取编码:

charset = msg.get_charset()

if charset is None:

# 如果获取不到，再从Content-Type字段获取:

content_type = msg.get('Content-Type', '').lower()

pos = content_type.find('charset=')

if pos >= 0:

charset = content_type[pos + 8:].strip()

return charset

def get_email_headers(msg):

# 邮件的From, To, Subject存在于根对象上:

headers = {}

for header in ['From', 'To', 'Subject', 'Date']:

value = msg.get(header, '')

if value:

if header == 'Date':

headers['date'] = value

if header == 'Subject':

# 需要解码Subject字符串:

subject = decode_str(value)

headers['subject'] = subject

else:

# 需要解码Email地址:

hdr, addr = parseaddr(value)

name = decode_str(hdr)

value = u'%s ' % (name, addr)

if header == 'From':

from_address = value

headers['from'] = from_address

else:

to_address = value

headers['to'] = to_address

content_type = msg.get_content_type()

print 'head content_type: ', content_type

return headers

# indent用于缩进显示:

def get_email_cntent(message, base_save_path):

j = 0

content = ''

attachment_files = []

for part in message.walk():

j = j + 1

file_name = part.get_filename()

contentType = part.get_content_type()

# 保存附件

if file_name: # Attachment

# Decode filename

h = email.Header.Header(file_name)

dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)

filename = dh[0][0]

if dh[0][1]: # 如果包含编码的格式，则按照该格式解码

filename = unicode(filename, dh[0][1])

filename = filename.encode("utf-8")

data = part.get_payload(decode=True)

att_file = open(base_save_path + filename, 'wb')

attachment_files.append(filename)

att_file.write(data)

att_file.close()

elif contentType == 'text/plain' or contentType == 'text/html':

# 保存正文

data = part.get_payload(decode=True)

charset = guess_charset(part)

if charset:

charset = charset.strip().split(';')[0]

print 'charset:', charset

data = data.decode(charset)

content = data

return content, attachment_files

if __name__ == '__main__':

# 输入邮件地址, 口令和POP3服务器地址:

emailaddress = 'xxxxxx@163.com'

# 注意使用开通POP，SMTP等的授权码

password = 'xxxxxx'

pop3_server = 'pop.163.com'

# 连接到POP3服务器:

server = poplib.POP3(pop3_server)

# 可以打开或关闭调试信息:

# server.set_debuglevel(1)

# POP3服务器的欢迎文字:

print server.getwelcome()

# 身份认证:

server.user(emailaddress)

server.pass_(password)

# stat()返回邮件数量和占用空间:

messagesCount, messagesSize = server.stat()

print 'messagesCount:', messagesCount

print 'messagesSize:', messagesSize

# list()返回所有邮件的编号:

resp, mails, octets = server.list()

print '------ resp ------'

print resp # +OK 46 964346 响应的状态 邮件数量 邮件占用的空间大小

print '------ mails ------'

print mails # 所有邮件的编号及大小的编号list，['1 2211', '2 29908', ...]

print '------ octets ------'

print octets

# 获取最新一封邮件, 注意索引号从1开始:

length = len(mails)

for i in range(length):

resp, lines, octets = server.retr(i + 1)

# lines存储了邮件的原始文本的每一行,

# 可以获得整个邮件的原始文本:

msg_content = '\n'.join(lines)

# 把邮件内容解析为Message对象：

msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)

# 但是这个Message对象本身可能是一个MIMEMultipart对象，即包含嵌套的其他MIMEBase对象，

# 嵌套可能还不止一层。所以我们要递归地打印出Message对象的层次结构：

print '---------- 解析之后 ----------'

base_save_path = '/media/markliu/Entertainment/email_attachments/'

msg_headers = get_email_headers(msg)

content, attachment_files = get_email_cntent(msg, base_save_path)

print 'subject:', msg_headers['subject']

print 'from_address:', msg_headers['from']

print 'to_address:', msg_headers['to']

print 'date:', msg_headers['date']

print 'content:', content

print 'attachment_files: ', attachment_files

# 关闭连接:

server.quit()