调用后端服务后的返回结果有多种类型,如:String,Integer,Boolean,List,Map等,在一个项目中,为了保持统一性,我们方法返回结果可以全部使用JSON数据格式,如下:
{ "code":200, "msg":"成功", "data":"JSON数据"}
其中code 是本次请求处理结果对应的状态码,msg是状态码对应的解释信息,data是要返回的数据内容,可以是任意一个对象。
封装响应信息对象
public class ResponseEntity implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 3595741978061989861L; private Integer code;//状态码 private String msg;//状态码对应信息 private T data;//要返回的数据 public Integer getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(Integer code) { this.code = code; } public String getMsg() { return msg; } public void setMsg(String msg) { this.msg = msg; } public T getData() { return data; } public void setData(T data) { this.data = data; }}
状态码,Http请求状态码有多种,使用枚举列举,如下示例:
public enum ResponseEnum { SUCCESS(200, "成功"), FAIL(-1, "失败"), ERROR_400(400, "错误的请求"), ERROR_404(404, "访问资源不存在"), ERROR_500(500, "服务器异常"); private Integer code; private String msg; ResponseEnum(Integer code, String msg) { this.code = code; this.msg = msg; } public Integer getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(Integer code) { this.code = code; } public String getMsg() { return msg; } public void setMsg(String msg) { this.msg = msg; }}
创建一个公共类,生成响应对象
public class ResponseUtil { /** * 成功返回 * @param object 返回数据 * @return */ public static ResponseEntity success(Object object){ ResponseEntity resp = new ResponseEntity(); resp.setCode(ResponseEnum.SUCCESS.getCode()); resp.setMsg(ResponseEnum.SUCCESS.getMsg()); resp.setData(object); return resp; } /** * 成功返回 无数据 * @return */ public static ResponseEntity success(){ return success(null); } /** * 失败返回 * @param responseEnum 响应标识 * @return */ public static ResponseEntity error(ResponseEnum responseEnum){ ResponseEntity resp = new ResponseEntity(); resp.setCode(responseEnum.getCode()); resp.setMsg(responseEnum.getMsg()); return resp; }}
Spring中的控制器可以用@Controller和@RestController注解来声明,其中@Controller标识当前控制器是SpringMvc的控制器,要返回JSON对象数据,需要和@ResponseBody注解联合使用;@RestController主要用来构建Restful风格接口,返回客户端的请求数据,相当于同时使用@Controller和@ResponseBody注解。
创建Pojo包及对应的实体类
public class DemoEntity { private Integer id; private String name; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }}
创建控制器
@Controller
@Controllerpublic class DemoController { @RequestMapping(value = "/users", method= RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public ResponseEntity users(){ List list = new ArrayList(); DemoEntity demo = new DemoEntity(); demo.setId(1); demo.setName("蜗牛"); list.add(demo); DemoEntity demo1 = new DemoEntity(); demo1.setId(2); demo1.setName("葡萄"); list.add(demo1); return ResponseUtil.success(list); }}
测试:启动服务后,在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/users,可以看到页面上的输出信息
{"code":200,"msg":"成功","data":[{"id":1,"name":"蜗牛"},{"id":2,"name":"葡萄"}]}
@RestController
@RestControllerpublic class DemoRestController { @RequestMapping(value = "/users1", method= RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity users(){ List list = new ArrayList(); DemoEntity demo = new DemoEntity(); demo.setId(1); demo.setName("蜗牛"); list.add(demo); DemoEntity demo1 = new DemoEntity(); demo1.setId(2); demo1.setName("葡萄"); list.add(demo1); return ResponseUtil.success(list); }}
请求后也能看到如上的结果。
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