html毕业论文的摘要,毕业论文摘要格式及范文

论文探讨了机动车尾气污染的成因及防治措施,重点关注了城市交通改善对减少排放的影响。通过国内外经验总结,提出从车辆技术改进和科学交通管理两方面来控制污染。研究发现交通拥堵是主要污染源,优化交通管理策略对减排效果显著。结论强调科学交通管理在尾气防治中的核心作用。
摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

毕业论文摘要格式及范文

所谓论文摘要,主要是指作者对于论文整体的构成与主要内容的简要摘抄,也是整个论文行文与建构的精华所在,可以为阅读者提供一个“管窥而知全豹”的阅读效果。更为重要的一点是:论文的摘要仅仅是对于论文相关要素的记录与展示,不能添加评论或者主观色彩的成分与其中。下面是小编为你整理的毕业论文摘要格式及范文,欢迎阅读。

5cda55e7290e6c85f11a371a2e7bec72.png

【论文摘要格式】

论文摘要是文章的内容不加诠释和评论的简短陈述。为了国际交流,还应有外文(多用英文)摘要。摘要是在文章全文完成之后提炼出来的,具有短、精、完整三大特点。摘要应具有独立性的自含性、即不阅读原文的全文.就能获得必要的信息。摘要中有数据、有结论、是一篇完整的短文.可以独立使用,也可以引用,还可以用于工艺推广。其内容应该包含与报告论文同等量的主要信息.以供读者确定有无必要阅读原论文全文,也可提供给文摘第二次文献采用。摘要一般应说明研究工作目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论等.而重点是结果和结论。中文摘要一般不宜超过300字,外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。除了实在迫不得已,摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页(页上无正文)之前,学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后,论文正文之前。

论文摘要又称概要、内容提要。摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。其基本要素包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论。具体地讲就是研究工作的主要对象和范围,采用的手段和方法,得出的结果和重要的结论,有时也包括具有情报价值的其它重要的信息。摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并且拥有与文献同等量的主要信息,即不阅读全文,就能获得必要的信息。摘要不容赘言,故需逐字推敲。内容必须完整、具体、使人一目了然。英文摘要虽以中文摘要为基础,但要考虑到不能阅读中文的读者的需求,实质性的内容不能遗漏。为此,我国的科技期刊近年来陆续采用结构式摘要,明确写出目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。

a.目的(Objective):简明指出此项工作的目的,研究的范围。

b.方法(Methods):简要说明研究课题的基本做法,包括对象(分组及每组例数、对照例数或动物只数等)、材料和方法(包括所用药品剂量,重复次数等)。统计方法特殊者需注明。

c.结果(Results):简要列出主要结果(需注明单位)、数据、统计学意义(P值)等,并说明其价值和局限性。

d.结论(Conclusion):简要说明从该项研究结果取得的正确观点、理论意义或实用价值、推广前景。

中、英文摘要前需标明中、英文文题,作者姓名(至多3名)及作者单位(邮政编码)。英文摘要应隔行打字,以便修改。

【论文摘要范文】

【论文题目】机动车尾气污染防治对策与城市交通改善研究

【中文摘要】本论文通过分析机动车尾气污染产生的原因,论述了采取多种防治对策以旨在减少机动车的尾气污染排放,同时对城市交通改善问题进行了深入的研究。本文首先论述了我国由于机动车尾气排放造成的城市大气污染的.严重形势。论述了机动车尾气污染的产生原因。通过总结国内外机动车污染控制的发展历程、经验及教训,作者从两方面重点论述了控制机动车尾气污染的途径。其一是从机动车本身入手,在机动车生产、检验、维护保养以及采用新技术等方面对机动车加以改造,力争从尾气排放污染源加以控制;其次,作者根据我国交通的具体状况,详细分析了城市交通改善与机动车尾气排放的关系,根据翔实的数据:说明了在我国交通拥堵是造成机动车尾气污染的最主要原因。在科学交通管理的原则指导下,作者详细论述了科学交通管理的卞要措施,特别分析了对路口的交通控制策略的仿真优化过程,通过仿真结果表明,对路口的交通控制策略的优化将对尾气排放产生非常重大的影响,可以显著地减少污染排放总量。因此作者认为,科学交通管理是控制城市机动车尾气污染排放的根本出路。

【外文摘要】The study starts 'with the discussion of the serious air pollution situation in the major cities in China which is caused by the vehicle emission. By summarize the development and experience of the pollution control domestically and abroad, the author emphasized the two ways by which vehicle emission could be reduced. The first one focus on the vehicle itself, and the methodology for production, inspect, maintainese, as well as those hi-technology which could be used in the improvement of the vehicle have been discussed. And then, the author, based on the study of special traffic situation in China, conducted a seriously study which indicates that the essential way of reducing air pollution in China is to establish a scientifically traffic management system. The way which can optimize traffic management strategy is also discussed.

【毕业论文摘要格式及范文】相关文章:

整套电子商城静态模板,包含登录、注册、商城主页、商品详情、购物车、订单信息等等...非常精美的一整套静态网站模板 摘要·······································································Ⅰ 1 绪论····································································3 1.1 项目开发背景·····················································3 1.2 开发的研究目的和意义············································4 1.2.1 开发的研究目的············································4 1.2.2 开发的研究意义············································4 2 项目介绍·······························································5 2.1 web前端开发······················································1 2.1.1 web前端开发简介···········································1 2.1.2 项目介绍····················································1 2.1.3 项目特点····················································1 3 项目开始································································2 3.1 页面分析···························································2 3.1.1 公共样式分析···············································2 3.1.2 首页分析····················································3 3.2 字体引入···························································2 3.2.1 iconfont字体下载··········································2 3.3 页面制作···························································2 3.3.1 首页·························································2 3.3.2 列表页······················································3 3.3.3 商品详情页··················································3 3.3.4 购物车页面··················································3 结 论··································································3 参考文献··································································4
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值