neo4j安装_neo4j图数据库安装、报错解决与简单实践使用分析

在图数据库领域中neo4j应该是使用的非常广泛的一种了，之前研究生期间就安装过这个数据库，后来换了电脑也就没有在尝试使用了，今天想在台式机上重新安装一下。

数据库下载地址在https://neo4j.com/download-center/

打开后下载我红色线框圈出来的版本即可：

就是社区版【免费】的windows版本就行了。下载好了以后直接解压缩即可，如下：

类似java环境变量配置，新建NEO4J_HOME变量，变量值即为neo4j-community-3.5.8所在的路径，之后再系统的path中将bin所在的路径加入到path中，这样就完成了环境变量的配置处理。

接下来启动neo4j,启动命令如下：

neo4j.bat console

本地启动直接报错了，报错信息如下：

查阅网上的资料找到一个解决方案是：

Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSignedImport-Module '(neo4j文件目录)binNeo4j-Management.psd1'Invoke-Neo4j console

亲测不可行，报错如下：

可能是我使用有误，也可能是报错并非这种方式可以解决的。

下面开始分析上面的错误，其实错误的意思大概就是：

中的什么路径没有找到，那么我们就进入到bin目录下打开这个文件，文件内容如下：

# Copyright (c) 2002-2018 "Neo4j,"# Neo4j Sweden AB [http://neo4j.com]## This file is part of Neo4j.## Neo4j is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or# (at your option) any later version.## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the# GNU General Public License for more details.## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License# along with this program. If not, see . try{ Unblock-File -Path '%~dp0Neo4j-Management*.*' -ErrorAction 'SilentlyContinue'}catch{}; Import-Module "$PSScriptRootNeo4j-Management.psd1"$Arguments = Get-Args $argsExit (Invoke-Neo4j -Verbose:$Arguments.Verbose -Command $Arguments.ArgsAsStr)  # SIG # Begin signature block# MIIQ4QYJKoZIhvcNAQcCoIIQ0jCCEM4CAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgEFADB5Bgor# BgEEAYI3AgEEoGswaTA0BgorBgEEAYI3AgEeMCYCAwEAAAQQH8w7YFlLCE63JNLG# KX7zUQIBAAIBAAIBAAIBAAIBADAxMA0GCWCGSAFlAwQCAQUABCCA4m4lkLiHgwGm# mvWs5yfFXtCjjyI/VZfiAvrvRYA54KCCDcIwggPFMIICraADAgECAgEAMA0GCSqG# SIb3DQEBCwUAMIGDMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEQMA4GA1UECBMHQXJpem9uYTETMBEG# A1UEBxMKU2NvdHRzZGFsZTEaMBgGA1UEChMRR29EYWRkeS5jb20sIEluYy4xMTAv# BgNVBAMTKEdvIERhZGR5IFJvb3QgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUgQXV0aG9yaXR5IC0gRzIw# HhcNMDkwOTAxMDAwMDAwWhcNMzcxMjMxMjM1OTU5WjCBgzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMx# EDAOBgNVBAgTB0FyaXpvbmExEzARBgNVBAcTClNjb3R0c2RhbGUxGjAYBgNVBAoT# EUdvRGFkZHkuY29tLCBJbmMuMTEwLwYDVQQDEyhHbyBEYWRkeSBSb290IENlcnRp# 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从上面的内容和启动命令的报错输出结合来看，我们很容易定位到这里：

就是这里的路径除了问题，我并不知道“$PSScriptRoot”这个变量代表的什么意思，感觉有点像环境变量配置里面的NEO4J_HOME一样，既然想到了这里，我就修改了这个相关值为绝对路径值，修改后整个文件内容如下：

# Copyright (c) 2002-2018 "Neo4j,"# Neo4j Sweden AB [http://neo4j.com]## This file is part of Neo4j.## Neo4j is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or# (at your option) any later version.## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the# GNU General Public License for more details.## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License# along with this program. If not, see . try{ Unblock-File -Path '%~dp0Neo4j-Management*.*' -ErrorAction 'SilentlyContinue'}catch{}; Import-Module "D:eo4jeo4j-community-3.5.8binNeo4j-Management.psd1"$Arguments = Get-Args $argsExit (Invoke-Neo4j -Verbose:$Arguments.Verbose -Command $Arguments.ArgsAsStr)  # SIG # Begin signature block# MIIQ4QYJKoZIhvcNAQcCoIIQ0jCCEM4CAQExDzANBglghkgBZQMEAgEFADB5Bgor# BgEEAYI3AgEEoGswaTA0BgorBgEEAYI3AgEeMCYCAwEAAAQQH8w7YFlLCE63JNLG# KX7zUQIBAAIBAAIBAAIBAAIBADAxMA0GCWCGSAFlAwQCAQUABCCA4m4lkLiHgwGm# mvWs5yfFXtCjjyI/VZfiAvrvRYA54KCCDcIwggPFMIICraADAgECAgEAMA0GCSqG# SIb3DQEBCwUAMIGDMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEQMA4GA1UECBMHQXJpem9uYTETMBEG# A1UEBxMKU2NvdHRzZGFsZTEaMBgGA1UEChMRR29EYWRkeS5jb20sIEluYy4xMTAv# BgNVBAMTKEdvIERhZGR5IFJvb3QgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUgQXV0aG9yaXR5IC0gRzIw# HhcNMDkwOTAxMDAwMDAwWhcNMzcxMjMxMjM1OTU5WjCBgzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMx# EDAOBgNVBAgTB0FyaXpvbmExEzARBgNVBAcTClNjb3R0c2RhbGUxGjAYBgNVBAoT# EUdvRGFkZHkuY29tLCBJbmMuMTEwLwYDVQQDEyhHbyBEYWRkeSBSb290IENlcnRp# 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保存退出之后，重新启动数据库，结果输出如下：

可以看到，neo4j数据库已经成功启动了，到此，算是环境配置结束了。

到这里安装过程就结束了，Python中提供了操作neo4j数据库的模块py2neo 可以很方便地进行图数据库的使用，下面进行简单的使用分析：

#!usr/bin/env python# encoding:utf-8from __future__ import division """__Author__:沂水寒城功能： Python操作neo4j实践图数据库使用"""  import osimport sysimport jsonfrom py2neo import Graph,Node,Relationship  reload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') ##连接neo4j数据库graph=Graph( 'http://localhost:7474', username='neo4j', password='neo4j' )#清除图数据graph.delete_all()#创建结点with open('data.txt') as f: data_list=[one.strip().split('###') for one in f.readlines() if one]have_list=[]node_list=[]map_dict={}for one_relation in data_list: P1,P2,relation,weight=one_relation if P1 not in have_list: have_list.append(P1) one_node=Node('sougou',name=P1) node_list.append(one_node) map_dict[P1]=one_node if P2 not in have_list: have_list.append(P2) one_node=Node('sougou',name=P2) node_list.append(one_node) map_dict[P2]=one_node for one_node in node_list: graph.create(one_node) #创建关系for one_relation in data_list: P1,P2,relation,weight=one_relation one_link=Relationship(map_dict[P1],relation,map_dict[P2]) one_link['count']=weight graph.create(one_link)  print(graph)

使用到的部分数据截图如下所示，都是人物关系数据：

运行结束后，打开浏览器，输入：http://localhost:7474 回车就可以查看图数据库里面的数据了，部分数据截图如下：

neo4j数据库中部分数据库类型截图如下所示：

初步使用，感觉知识图谱如果做得足够好，是非常有希望超过AI所能达到的效果的。