r语言中残差与回归值的残差图_R语言：多元线性回归和模型检验

利用swiss数据集进行多元线性回归研究

# 先查看各变量间的散点图

pairs(swiss, panel = panel.smooth, main = "swiss data",

col = 3 + (swiss$Catholic > 50))

# 利用全部变量建立多元线性回

a=lm(Fertility ~ . , data = swiss)

summary(a)

##

## Call:

## lm(formula = Fertility ~ ., data = swiss)

##

## Residuals:

## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max

## -15.274 -5.262 0.503 4.120 15.321

##

## Coefficients:

## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)

## (Intercept) 66.9152 10.7060 6.25 1.9e-07 ***

## Agriculture -0.1721 0.0703 -2.45 0.0187 *

## Examination -0.2580 0.2539 -1.02 0.3155

## Education -0.8709 0.1830 -4.76 2.4e-05 ***

## Catholic 0.1041 0.0353 2.95 0.0052 **

## Infant.Mortality 1.0770 0.3817 2.82 0.0073 **

## ---

## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

##

## Residual standard error: 7.17 on 41 degrees of freedom

## Multiple R-squared: 0.707, Adjusted R-squared: 0.671

## F-statistic: 19.8 on 5 and 41 DF, p-value: 5.59e-10

# 从结果看，Education变量的ｐ值一颗星就都没有，说明对模型极不显著。