python设计简单系统、不含数据库_Python零基础，如何制作简易的登录系统?

用Flask框架实现用户登录相对简单一些，可以用flask_login模块。

下面笔者亲测通过，就是登录写的太简单了：

没有做账号重复性验证，没有密码复杂性验证，没有写手机登录验证码校验模块，没有写图片验证码模块，没有做密码加盐加密，没有做前后端分离的token secure登录验证，没有做ssl，没有存session或cookie，没有做反爬虫处理。有兴趣的童鞋可以自行尝试。

说明：

本文代码在pycharm2018 + python3.6 + Flask + Mysql5.7下实现。

为了快速实现题主效果，参照了部分网络代码。

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代码结构如下：

安装flask依赖包国内镜像(原始pip镜像在国外，下载安装模块极慢，且容易read timeout)：

pip install flask --index https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

pip install flask_login --index https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

pip install flask_sqlalchemy --index https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

创建MySQL数据库用户表tb_user：

CREATE TABLE `tb_user` (

`user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`account_number` varchar(45) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_czech_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,

`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_czech_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,

`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_czech_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE

) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_czech_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

公共页面templates\base.html:

{% block title %}{% endblock %}

{% block head %}{% endblock %}

{% block content %}{% endblock %}

登录页面templates\login.html：

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block title %}python flask user page{% endblock %}

{% block head %}

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

{% if form.errors %}

{% for name, errors in form.errors.items() %}

{% for error in errors %}

{{ error }}

{% endfor %}

{% endfor %}

{% endif %}

账号：{{ form.account_number(size=20) }}{{ form.account_number.errors[0] }}

密码：

{{ form.hidden_tag() }}

登录

{% endblock %}

登录成功页面templates\index.html：

{% extends "base.html" %}

欢迎登录

{% block content %}

登录成功，欢迎 {{ user.name }}！

{% endblock %}

js组件static\js\jquery-3.5.1.min.js:

下载地址：https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-3.5.1.min.js​ajax.aspnetcdn.com

根目录下，Flask项目配置文件config.py:

DEBUG = True

SQLALCHEMY_ECHO = True

SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS=True

# mysql+pymysql://数据用户名:数据库密码@数据库主机名或IP/数据库schema?charset=字符集

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql+pymysql://root:xxxxx@localhost/login_demo?charset=utf8'

SECRET_KEY = '79537d00f4834892986f09a100aa1edf'

数据库初始化文件common/__init__.py：

# config=utf-8

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

__all__ = ['db']

db = SQLAlchemy()

数据库配置文件common/db_config.py：

# config=utf-8

from sqlalchemy import create_engine

from sqlalchemy.sql import text

from config import SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI, SQLALCHEMY_ECHO

def db_query(sql, settings=None, echo=None):

if settings is None:

settings = SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI

if echo is None:

echo = SQLALCHEMY_ECHO

return create_engine(settings, echo=echo).connect().execute(text(sql)).fetchall()

def db_execute(sql, settings=None, echo=None):

if settings is None:

settings = SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI

if echo is None:

echo = SQLALCHEMY_ECHO

return create_engine(settings, echo=echo).connect().execute(text(sql)).rowcount

配置登录表单文件form/login_form.py：

# config=utf-8

from flask_wtf import FlaskForm as Form

from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField

from wtforms.validators import DataRequired

class LoginForm(Form):

account_number = StringField('account_number', validators=[DataRequired('account_number is null')])

password = PasswordField('password', validators=[DataRequired('password is null')])

用户model文件的初始化文件model/__init__.py：

# config=utf-8

from flask import Flask

from flask_login import LoginManager

from common import db

login_manager = LoginManager()

login_manager.login_view = "user.login"

def create_app(config_filename=None):

app = Flask(__name__)

login_manager.init_app(app)

if config_filename is not None:

app.config.from_pyfile(config_filename)

configure_database(app)

return app

def configure_database(app):

db.init_app(app)

用户model文件model/user_model.py：

# config=utf-8

from flask_login import UserMixin

from flask_login._compat import unicode

from common import db

class User(db.Model, UserMixin):

user_id = db.Column('user_id', db.Integer, primary_key=True)

account_number = db.Column(db.String(200), unique=True)

password = db.Column(db.String(50), unique=True)

name = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True)

__tablename__ = 'tb_user'

def __init__(self, user_id=None, account_number=None, password=None, name="anonymous"):

self.user_id = user_id

self.account_number = account_number

self.password = password

self.name = name

def is_authenticated(self):

return True

def is_active(self):

return True

def is_anonymous(self):

return False

def get_id(self):

return unicode(self.user_id)

def __repr__(self):

return '' % (self.account_number)

用户登录跳转逻辑login.py：

# encoding:utf-8

# !/usr/bin/env python

from flask import render_template, request, redirect, Flask, Blueprint

from flask_login import login_user, login_required

from model.user_model import User

from model import login_manager

from form.login_form import LoginForm

userRoute = Blueprint('user', __name__, url_prefix='/user', template_folder='templates', static_folder='static')

@login_manager.user_loader

def load_user(user_id):

return User.query.get(int(user_id))

@userRoute.before_request

def before_request():

pass

@userRoute.route('/success')

@login_required

def index():

return render_template('index.html')

@userRoute.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])

def login():

form = LoginForm()

if request.method == 'POST':

if not form.validate_on_submit():

print(form.errors)

return render_template('login.html', form=form)

user = User.query.filter(User.account_number == form.account_number.data,

User.password == form.password.data).first()

if user:

login_user(user)

return render_template('index.html', user=user)

return render_template('login.html', form=form)

启动python flask服务文件run.py：

# config=utf-8

from login import userRoute

from model import create_app

DEFAULT_MODULES = [userRoute]

app = create_app('../config.py')

for module in DEFAULT_MODULES:

app.register_blueprint(module)

@app.before_request

def before_request():

pass

if __name__ == '__main__':

app.run(debug=True)

数据库手动插入一条记录：

执行run.py结果：