python相当于专业吗_Python相当于自定义类的C begin()和end()

假设你有一个字典,其键是整数.值也是字典,其键是字符串,其值是numpy数组.

就像是：

custom = {1: {'a': np.zeros(10), 'b': np.zeros(100)}, 2:{'c': np.zeros(20), 'd': np.zeros(200)}}

我一直在代码中使用这个自定义数据结构,每次我需要迭代这个结构的numpy数组中的每一行时,我必须这样做：

for d, delem in custom.items():

for k, v in delem.items():

for row in v:

print(row)

是否可以将此行为封装在可以实际实现自定义begin()和end()的函数中？此外,迭代器还应该包含有关其相应词典中的键的信息.我想象的是：

for it in custom:

d, e, row = *it

# then do something with these

最佳答案

import numpy as np

custom = {

1: {'a': np.zeros(10), 'b': np.zeros(100)},

2:{'c': np.zeros(20), 'd': np.zeros(200)}

}

my_gen = (

(key, subkey, np_array)

for (key, a_dict) in custom.items()

for subkey, np_array in a_dict.items()

)

for key, subkey, np_array in my_gen:

print(key, subkey, np_array)

--output:--

1 b [ 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]

1 a [ 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]

2 d [ 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0.]

2 c [ 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.

0. 0.]

或者,您可以将数据结构重构为对您的目的更有用的内容：

import numpy as np

custom = {

1: {'a': np.zeros(10), 'b': np.zeros(100)},

2:{'c': np.zeros(20), 'd': np.zeros(200)}

}

#Create a *list* of tuples:

converted_data = [

(np_array, subkey, key)

for (key, a_dict) in custom.items()

for subkey, np_array in a_dict.items()

]

for np_array, subkey, key in converted_data:

print(key, subkey, np_array)

创建自定义迭代器：

class Dog:

def __init__(self, data):

self.data = data

self.max = len(data)

self.index_pointer = 0

def __next__(self):

index = self.index_pointer

if index < self.max:

current_val = self.data[index]

self.index_pointer += 1

return current_val

else:

raise StopIteration

class MyIter:

def __iter__(self):

return Dog([1, 2, 3])

for i in MyIter():

print(i)

--output:--

1

2

3

__iter __()只需要返回一个实现__next __()方法的对象,这样就可以将这两个类组合起来：

class MyIter:

def __init__(self, data):

self.data = data

self.max = len(data)

self.index_pointer = 0

def __iter__(self):

return self #I have a __next__() method, so let's return me!

def __next__(self):

index = self.index_pointer

if index < self.max:

current_val = self.data[index]

self.index_pointer += 1

return current_val

else:

raise StopIteration

for i in MyIter([1, 2, 3]):

print(i)

--output:--

1

2

3

一个更复杂的__next __()方法：

import numpy as np

class CustomIter:

def __init__(self, data):

self.data = data

self.count = 0

def __iter__(self):

return self

def __next__(self):

count = self.count

self.count += 1

if count == 0: #On first iteration, retun a sum of the keys

return sum(self.data.keys())

elif count == 1: #On second iteration, return the subkeys in tuples

subkeys = [

a_dict.keys()

for a_dict in self.data.values()

]

return subkeys

elif count == 2: #On third iteration, return the count of np arrays

np_arrays = [

np_array

for a_dict in self.data.values()

for np_array in a_dict.values()

]

return len(np_arrays)

else: #Quit after three iterations

raise StopIteration

custom = {

1: {'a': np.zeros(10), 'b': np.zeros(100)},

2:{'c': np.zeros(20), 'd': np.zeros(200)}

}

for i in CustomIter(custom):

print(i)

--output:--

3

[dict_keys(['b', 'a']), dict_keys(['d', 'c'])]

4