1:创建项目
2:创建爬虫
3:编写start.py文件用于运行爬虫程序# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#作者: baikai
#创建时间: 2018/12/14 14:09
#文件: start.py
#IDE: PyCharm
from scrapy import cmdline
cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl js".split())
4:设置settings.py文件的相关设置
爬取详情页数据
编写items.py文件# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy
class ArticleItem(scrapy.Item):
# 定义我们需要的存储数据字段
title=scrapy.Field()
content=scrapy.Field()
article_id=scrapy.Field()
origin_url=scrapy.Field()
author=scrapy.Field()
avatar=scrapy.Field()
pub_time=scrapy.Field()
编写js.py# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from jianshu_spider.items import ArticleItem
class JsSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'js'
allowed_domains = ['jianshu.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.jianshu.com/']
rules = (
# 匹配地址https://www.jianshu.com/p/d8804d18d638
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'.*/p/[0-9a-z]{12}.*'), callback='parse_detail', follow=True),
)
def parse_detail(self, response):
# 获取内容页数据并解析数据
title=response.xpath("//h1[@class='title']/text()").get()
#作者图像
avatar=response.xpath("//a[@class='avatar']/img/@src").get()
author=response.xpath("//span[@class='name']/a/text()").get()
#发布时间
pub_time=response.xpath("//span[@class='publish-time']/text()").get()
#详情页id
url=response.url
#https://www.jianshu.com/p/d8804d18d638
url1=url.split("?")[0]
article_id=url1.split("/")[-1]
#文章内容
content=response.xpath("//div[@class='show-content']").get()
item=ArticleItem(
title=title,
avatar=avatar,
author=author,
pub_time=pub_time,
origin_url=response.url,
article_id=article_id,
content=content
)
yield item
设计数据库和表
数据库jianshu
表article
id设置为自动增长
将爬取到的数据存储到mysql数据库中# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import pymysql
from twisted.enterprise import adbapi
from pymysql import cursors
class JianshuSpiderPipeline(object):
def __init__(self):
dbparams = {
'host': '127.0.0.1',
'port': 3306,
'user': 'root',
'password': '8Wxx.ypa',
'database': 'jianshu',
'charset': 'utf8'
}
self.conn = pymysql.connect(**dbparams)
self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
self._sql = None
def process_item(self, item, spider):
self.cursor.execute(self.sql, (item['title'], item['content'], item['author'], item['avatar'], item['pub_time'], item['origin_url'],item['article_id']))
self.conn.commit()
return item
@property
def sql(self):
if not self._sql:
self._sql = """
insert into article(id,title,content,author,avatar,pub_time,origin_url,article_id) values(null,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)
"""
return self._sql
return self._sql
运行start.py效果如下