linux 修改mysql密码及远程登录_#Linux安装MySQL5.7系列安装密码修改及远程访问设置...

1. 安装前准备

注：本文主要介绍 CentOS 系统二进制安装 mysql-5.7.24 版本的安装步骤，其他5.7系列版本的安装过程类似。

卸载旧版MySQL并清除MySQL残留

查看rpm包

rpm -qa|grep mysql

若有可用rpm -e *.rpm --nodeps卸载

查找mysql残留包

有则删除，不然残留的配置等相关设置可能会导致各种ERROR，没有则跳过

find / -name mysql

安装相关依赖

yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel numactl libaio

创建用户和用户组

groupadd mysql

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql

2. 下载二进制安装包并解压

cd /usr/local/

wget在线下载

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解压安装包

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解压后为了方便后面操作可把解压后文件名修改为mysql

mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

更改文件夹所属权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

3. 创建mysql相关目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}

更改文件夹所属

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

4. 创建mysql配置文件my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

简单模板如下(可直接复制粘贴)

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

port = 3306

socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

pid-file = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp

skip_name_resolve = 1

symbolic-links=0

max_connections = 2000

group_concat_max_len = 1024000

sql_mode = NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

lower_case_table_names = 1

log_timestamps=SYSTEM

character-set-server = utf8

interactive_timeout = 1800

wait_timeout = 1800

max_allowed_packet = 32M

binlog_cache_size = 4M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_buffer_size = 4M

join_buffer_size = 4M

tmp_table_size = 96M

max_heap_table_size = 96M

max_length_for_sort_data = 8096

#innodb

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 256M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_io_capacity = 2000

innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000

innodb_flush_neighbors = 0

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2

innodb_read_io_threads = 8

innodb_write_io_threads = 8

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G

#logs

server-id = 1003306

log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log

long_query_time = 3

log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/binlog

binlog_format = row

expire_logs_days = 15

log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1

relay-log = /data/mysql/logs/relay-bin

relay-log-recovery = 1

relay_log_purge = 1

5. 配置mysql.server

进入support-files文件夹

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

复制mysql.server到/etc/init.d/mysql

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

修改目录位置

vi /etc/init.d/mysql

配置

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql/data

注册开机启动服务

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig --list

6. 添加环境变量

echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin " >> /etc/profile

使环境变量生效

source /etc/profile

7. 初始化mysql

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

临时密码保存在errlog中

获取临时密码

more /data/mysql/logs/error.log |grep password

8. 启动mysql服务

启动mysql服务

service mysql start

使用初始密码登录mysql

mysql -uroot -p

使用步骤7中获得的密码即可

此时执行sql操作可能会报如下错误，这时就需要修改密码才能使用了。建议使用方法一

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

9. 修改密码

方法一：登录后修改

格式：mysql> set password for 用户名@localhost = password('新密码');

例子：mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('123');

方法二：登录后更新user表

使用mysql库：mysql> use mysql;

更新密码：mysql> update user set password=password('123') where user='root' and host='localhost';

刷新：mysql> flush privileges;

方法三：不登录用mysqladmin

格式：mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码

例子：mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password 123

9. 设置远程访问

不设置远程访问的话此数据库只能本地访问哦

登录并进入mysql库

use mysql;

查看当前root用户访问权限并修改

select user,host from user;

mysql> select user,host from user;

+---------------+-----------+

| user | host |

+---------------+-----------+

| mysql.session | localhost |

| mysql.sys | localhost |

| root | localhost |

+---------------+-----------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

此时会看到当前root只允许localhost访问，我们需要把需要远程访问的用户的host改成%，就是可以使用任意地址进行访问。

执行：update user set host='%' where user='root';

修改好host之后，我们要让它立即生效，还要执行这样一个语句:flush privileges;

操作完成之后，再用root远程访问就可以了。