python的scramy架构_Python+Selenium-BDD框架之behave

1.安装behave

安装好python后，使用 pip install behave命令安装behave

2.简单实例

新建下面几个文件，文件结构如下

firstCase

firstCase/wordcheck.feature

firstCase/steps

firstCase/steps/wordcheck.py

wordcheck.feature的内容如下：

Feature:word check

Scenario:Check letters

GivenI have a letter

WhenI input letter yThenthe inputed letter is Equal with y

wordcheck.py内容如下：

__author__ = 'Amy'

frombehave import*

@Given('I have a letter')

defstep_impl(context):

pass@When('I input letter {letter}')

defstep_impl(context,letter):

context.letter = letter

@Then('the inputed letter is Equal with {TargetLetter}')

defstep_impl(context,TargetLetter):

context.TargetLetter = TargetLetter

assertcontext.letter iscontext.TargetLetter

3.在cmd里面运行

4.Scenario Outlines

在测试同一个场景时，很多时候我们需要输入各种各样的数据来验证不同的结果输出，这时我们用Scenario Outlines就可以实现了。如下图分别输大小写字母来验证场景

Feature:word check

Scenario Outline:Check letters

GivenI have a letter

WhenI input letter Thenthe inputed letter is Equal with Examples:Lowercase letters

|keyword|targetword|

|a|a|

|b|b|

Examples:Capital letters

|keyword|targetword|

|F|F|

|D|D|

结果如下：

5.使用table

在场景中可以一个表格作为context.table属性值，如下图在Given中加入表格：

Feature:show the table

Scenario:some scenario

Givena set of specific users

|name|department|

|Barry|Beer Cans|

|Pudey|Silly Walks|

|Two-Lumps|Silly Walks|

"""

This is a table,and this line will be displayed in result,it is context.text attribute

"""

Whenwe count the number of people in each department

Thenwe will find two people in "Silly Walks"

Butwe will find one person in "Beer Cans"

6.Environment.py

Environment.py是个非常重要的文件，放在feature文件夹下，与.feature文件并列。下面是Environment.py中定义的一些方法：

before_step(context, step), after_step(context, step)

These run before and after every step.

before_scenario(context, scenario), after_scenario(context, scenario)

These run before and after each scenario is run.

before_feature(context, feature), after_feature(context, feature)

These run before and after each feature file is exercised.

before_tag(context, tag), after_tag(context, tag)

These run before and after a section tagged with the given name. They are invoked for each tag encountered in the order they’re found in the feature file.

before_all(context), after_all(context)

These run before and after the whole shooting match.

下面是一个简单的例子，大家可以根据自己的需要定义方法：

# coding:utf-8

__author__ = 'Amy'

importsys

frombehave import*

fromselenium importwebdriver

# 开始测试前，定义系统编码为utf-8

defbefore_all(context):

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

defbefore_feature(context):

context.driver = webdriver.Firefox()

defafter_feature(context):

context.driver.quit()

7.通过标签tag来控制测试执行

标签以@开头，如下示例：

Feature:find a look

@valid

Scenario:look up a book

GivenI search for a valid book

Thenthe result page will include "success"

@invalid

Scenario:look up an invalid book

GivenI search for a invalid book

Thenthe result page will include "failure"

执行的时候在behave 后面加上tag 标签即可，如我只测试“valid”这个场景，那么就输入“behave --tags=valid”.

如果你想执行若干个不同标签的场景，你可以这么写“behave --tags=valid,invalid”;

如果你想执行除了@invalid外的所有场景，你可以这么写“behave --tags=-invalid”；

如果你要执行标签包含了 “valid”和“invalid”两个签标的场景，你可以这么写“behave --tags=valid --tags=invalid”

当然，tags在py文件中也起作用，例如

defbefore_feature(context):

if'browser' infeature.tags:

context.driver = webdriver.Firefox()

defafter_feature(context):

if'browser' infeature.tags:

context.driver.quit()