本文介绍如何在Spring项目中使用DES加密技术处理数据库连接的用户名和密码，防止明文信息泄露。通过编写DESEncry工具类进行加密解密，以及创建EncryptablePropertyPlaceholderConfigurer类来处理配置文件中的加密信息，从而增强数据库连接的安全性。
最近没有及时写文章，把最近处理的几个问题集中了一下写出来。这篇文章是关于如何处理spring项目中引入数据库连接等
使用的用户名和密码的明文进行加密。防止被他人窃取利用。
我们选择的加密方式为DES加密解密方案。直接上代码：
1. 首先要编写一个DES加密解密工具。
package com.nc.jdbc;
import com.nc.utils.Base64;
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
/**
* Created by mazhqc on 2017/8/15.
*/
public class DESEncry
{
/** 安全密钥 */
private String keyData = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstwxyz0123456789-_.";
/**
* 功能：构造
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
*/
public DESEncry() {
}
/**
* 功能：构造
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
* @param keyData
* key
*/
public DESEncry(String key) {
this.keyData = key;
}
/**
* 功能：加密 (UTF-8)
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
* @param source
* 源字符串
* @param charSet
* 编码
* @return String
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* 编码异常
*/
public String encrypt(String source) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
return encrypt(source, "UTF-8");
}
/**
*
* 功能：解密 (UTF-8)
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
* @param encryptedData
* 被加密后的字符串
* @return String
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* 编码异常
*/
public String decrypt(String encryptedData)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
return decrypt(encryptedData, "UTF-8");
}
/**
* 功能：加密
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
* @param source
* 源字符串
* @param charSet
* 编码
* @return String
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* 编码异常
*/
public String encrypt(String source, String charSet)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String encrypt = null;
byte[] ret = encrypt(source.getBytes(charSet));
encrypt = new String(Base64.encode(ret));
return encrypt;
}
/**
*
* 功能：解密
*
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
* @param encryptedData
* 被加密后的字符串
* @param charSet
* 编码
* @return String
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
* 编码异常
*/
public String decrypt(String encryptedData, String charSet)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String descryptedData = null;
byte[] ret = descrypt(Base64.decode(encryptedData));
descryptedData = new String(ret, charSet);
return descryptedData;
}
/**
* 加密数据 用生成的密钥加密原始数据
*
* @param primaryData
* 原始数据
* @return byte[]
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
*/
private byte[] encrypt(byte[] primaryData) {
/** 取得安全密钥 */
byte rawKeyData[] = getKey();
/** DES算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */
SecureRandom sr = new SecureRandom();
/** 使用原始密钥数据创建DESKeySpec对象 */
DESKeySpec dks = null;
try {
dks = new DESKeySpec(keyData.getBytes());
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 创建一个密钥工厂 */
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = null;
try {
keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 用密钥工厂把DESKeySpec转换成一个SecretKey对象 */
SecretKey key = null;
try {
key = keyFactory.generateSecret(dks);
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** Cipher对象实际完成加密操作 */
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 用密钥初始化Cipher对象 */
try {
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, sr);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 正式执行加密操作 */
byte encryptedData[] = null;
try {
encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(primaryData);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 返回加密数据 */
return encryptedData;
}
/**
* 用密钥解密数据
*
* @param encryptedData
* 加密后的数据
* @return byte[]
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
*/
private byte[] descrypt(byte[] encryptedData) {
/** DES算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */
SecureRandom sr = new SecureRandom();
/** 取得安全密钥 */
byte rawKeyData[] = getKey();
/** 使用原始密钥数据创建DESKeySpec对象 */
DESKeySpec dks = null;
try {
dks = new DESKeySpec(keyData.getBytes());
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 创建一个密钥工厂 */
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = null;
try {
keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 用密钥工厂把DESKeySpec转换成一个SecretKey对象 */
SecretKey key = null;
try {
key = keyFactory.generateSecret(dks);
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** Cipher对象实际完成加密操作 */
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 用密钥初始化Cipher对象 */
try {
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, sr);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/** 正式执行解密操作 */
byte decryptedData[] = null;
try {
decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return decryptedData;
}
/**
* 取得安全密钥 此方法作废,因为每次key生成都不一样导致解密加密用的密钥都不一样， 从而导致Given final block not
* properly padded错误.
*
* @return byte数组
* @author 马振全
* @date 2017-08-15
*/
private byte[] getKey() {
/** DES算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */
SecureRandom sr = new SecureRandom();
/** 为我们选择的DES算法生成一个密钥生成器对象 */
KeyGenerator kg = null;
try {
kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DES");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
kg.init(sr);
/** 生成密钥工具类 */
SecretKey key = kg.generateKey();
/** 生成密钥byte数组 */
byte rawKeyData[] = key.getEncoded();
return rawKeyData;
}
}
2. 用到了一个Base64的工具代码如下：
package com.nc.utils;
/**
* Created by mazhqc on 2016/9/22.
*/
public final class Base64 {
static private final int BASELENGTH = 128;
static private final int LOOKUPLENGTH = 64;
static private final int TWENTYFOURBITGROUP = 24;
static private final int EIGHTBIT = 8;
static private final int SIXTEENBIT = 16;
static private final int FOURBYTE = 4;
static private final int SIGN = -128;
static private final char PAD = '=';
static private final boolean fDebug = false;
static final private byte[] base64Alphabet = new byte[BASELENGTH];
static final private char[] lookUpBase64Alphabet = new char[LOOKUPLENGTH];
static {
for (int i = 0; i < BASELENGTH; ++i) {
base64Alphabet[i] = -1;
}
for (int i = 'Z'; i >= 'A'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'A');
}
for (int i = 'z'; i >= 'a'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'a' + 26);
}
for (int i = '9'; i >= '0'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - '0' + 52);
}
base64Alphabet['+'] = 62;
base64Alphabet['/'] = 63;
for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('A' + i);
}
for (int i = 26, j = 0; i <= 51; i++, j++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('a' + j);
}
for (int i = 52, j = 0; i <= 61; i++, j++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('0' + j);
}
lookUpBase64Alphabet[62] = (char) '+';
lookUpBase64Alphabet[63] = (char) '/';
}
private static boolean isWhiteSpace(char octect) {
return (octect == 0x20 || octect == 0xd || octect == 0xa || octect == 0x9);
}
private static boolean isPad(char octect) {
return (octect == PAD);
}
private static boolean isData(char octect) {
return (octect < BASELENGTH && base64Alphabet[octect] != -1);
}
/**
* Encodes hex octects into Base64
*
* @param binaryData Array containing binaryData
* @return Encoded Base64 array
*/
public static String encode(byte[] binaryData) {
if (binaryData == null) {
return null;
}
int lengthDataBits = binaryData.length * EIGHTBIT;
if (lengthDataBits == 0) {
return "";
}
int fewerThan24bits = lengthDataBits % TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
int numberTriplets = lengthDataBits / TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
int numberQuartet = fewerThan24bits != 0 ? numberTriplets + 1 : numberTriplets;
char encodedData[] = null;
encodedData = new char[numberQuartet * 4];
byte k = 0, l = 0, b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0;
int encodedIndex = 0;
int dataIndex = 0;
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("number of triplets = " + numberTriplets);
}
for (int i = 0; i < numberTriplets; i++) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
b2 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
b3 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("b1= " + b1 + ", b2= " + b2 + ", b3= " + b3);
}
l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
byte val2 = ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);
byte val3 = ((b3 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b3 >> 6) : (byte) ((b3) >> 6 ^ 0xfc);
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("val2 = " + val2);
System.out.println("k4 = " + (k << 4));
System.out.println("vak = " + (val2 | (k << 4)));
}
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[(l << 2) | val3];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[b3 & 0x3f];
}
// form integral number of 6-bit groups
if (fewerThan24bits == EIGHTBIT) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("b1=" + b1);
System.out.println("b1<<2 = " + (b1 >> 2));
}
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[k << 4];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
} else if (fewerThan24bits == SIXTEENBIT) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
b2 = binaryData[dataIndex + 1];
l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
byte val2 = ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[l << 2];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
}
return new String(encodedData);
}
/**
* Decodes Base64 data into octects
*
* @param encoded string containing Base64 data
* @return Array containind decoded data.
*/
public static byte[] decode(String encoded) {
if (encoded == null) {
return null;
}
char[] base64Data = encoded.toCharArray();
// remove white spaces
int len = removeWhiteSpace(base64Data);
if (len % FOURBYTE != 0) {
return null;//should be divisible by four
}
int numberQuadruple = (len / FOURBYTE);
if (numberQuadruple == 0) {
return new byte[0];
}
byte decodedData[] = null;
byte b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0, b4 = 0;
char d1 = 0, d2 = 0, d3 = 0, d4 = 0;
int i = 0;
int encodedIndex = 0;
int dataIndex = 0;
decodedData = new byte[(numberQuadruple) * 3];
for (; i < numberQuadruple - 1; i++) {
if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
|| !isData((d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
|| !isData((d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
return null;
}//if found "no data" just return null
b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
}
if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
return null;//if found "no data" just return null
}
b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];
d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
if (!isData((d3)) || !isData((d4))) {//Check if they are PAD characters
if (isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
if ((b2 & 0xf) != 0)//last 4 bits should be zero
{
return null;
}
byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 1];
System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
return tmp;
} else if (!isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
if ((b3 & 0x3) != 0)//last 2 bits should be zero
{
return null;
}
byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 2];
System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
tmp[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
return tmp;
} else {
return null;
}
} else { //No PAD e.g 3cQl
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
}
return decodedData;
}
/**
* remove WhiteSpace from MIME containing encoded Base64 data.
*
* @param data the byte array of base64 data (with WS)
* @return the new length
*/
private static int removeWhiteSpace(char[] data) {
if (data == null) {
return 0;
}
// count characters that's not whitespace
int newSize = 0;
int len = data.length;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (!isWhiteSpace(data[i])) {
data[newSize++] = data[i];
}
}
return newSize;
}
}
3. 我们引入的jdbc.properties的时候如下那么我们可以在这里进行加密处理。
classpath:jdbc.properties
jdbc.properties中的内容如下：
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mzq?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&allowMultiQueries=true
username=root
password=123456
4. 写一个类 EncryptablePropertyPlaceholderConfigurer继承PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer代码如下：
package com.nc.jdbc;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanInitializationException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Created by mazhqc on 2017/8/15.
*/
public class EncryptablePropertyPlaceholderConfigurer extends PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer {
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props)
throws BeansException {
try {
DESEncry desEncry = new DESEncry();
String username = props.getProperty("username");
if (username != null) {
props.setProperty("username", String.valueOf(desEncry.decrypt(username)));
}
String password = props.getProperty("password");
if (password != null) {
props.setProperty("password", String.valueOf(desEncry.decrypt(password)));
}
super.processProperties(beanFactory, props);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new BeanInitializationException(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
5. 把jdbc文件引入的地方改为自己新写的实现类和修改jdbc文件中用户名和密码为加密后的即可。
classpath:jdbc.properties
大功告成。
如果觉得有疑问或者对你有帮助 欢迎评论。
作者：森林木马
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