python改文件名_如何使用Python更改目录中的多个文件名

I am learning Python and I have been tasked with:

adding "file_" to the beginning of each name in a directory

changing the extension (directory contains 4 different types currently: .py, .TEXT, .rtf, .text)

I have many files, all with different names, each 7 characters long. I was able to change the extensions but it feels very clunky. I am positive there is a cleaner way to write the following (but its functioning, so no complaints on that note):

import os, sys

path = 'C:/Users/dana/Desktop/text_files_2/'

for filename in os.listdir(path):

if filename.endswith('.rtf'):

newname = filename.replace('.rtf', '.txt')

os.rename(filename, newname)

elif filename.endswith('.py'):

newname = filename.replace('.py', '.txt')

os.rename(filename, newname)

elif filename.endswith('.TEXT'):

newname = filename.replace('.TEXT', '.txt')

os.rename(filename, newname)

elif filename.endswith('.text'):

newname = filename.replace('.text', '.txt')

os.rename(filename, newname)

I do still have a bit of a problem:

the script currently must be inside my directory for it to run.

I can not figure out how to add "file_" to the start of each of the filenames [you would think that would be the easy part]. I have tried declaring newname as

newname = 'file_' + str(filename)

it then states filename is undefined.

Any assistance on my two existing issues would be greatly appreciated.

解决方案

The basic idea would be first get the file extension part and the real file name part, then put the filename into a new string.

os.path.splitext(p) method will help to get the file extensions, for example: os.path.splitext('hello.world.aaa.txt') will return ['hello.world.aaa', '.txt'], it will ignore the leading dots.

So in this case, it can be done like this:

import os

import sys

path = 'C:/Users/dana/Desktop/text_files_2/'

for filename in os.listdir(path):

filename_splitext = os.path.splitext(filename)

if filename_splitext[1] in ['.rtf', '.py', '.TEXT', '.text']:

os.rename(os.path.join(path, filename),

os.path.join(path, 'file_' + filename_splitext[0] + '.txt'))