python颜色表_Python可视化：颜色 图例 实例（matplotlib饼状图）总结

一、颜色

二、实例

#读者分布

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def age_pie():

plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'

df = pd.read_csv("user.csv", sep=";", header=None, names=["user_id", "location", "age"],

encoding='gbk')

# print(df.head())

df[(df.age == '41"')].index.tolist() # 找出不合法数值所在行

df = df.drop([1305]) # 删除那一行

df[['age']] = df[['age']].astype(float)

labels = ['10-20', '20-30', '30-40', '40-50', '50-60']

sizes = [len(df[(df.age >= 10) & (df.age < 20)]), \

len(df[(df.age >= 20) & (df.age < 30)]), \

len(df[(df.age >= 30) & (df.age < 40)]), \

len(df[(df.age >= 40) & (df.age < 50)]), \

len(df[(df.age >= 50) & (df.age < 60)])]

# print(sizes)

explode = (0, 0.05, 0, 0, 0) # 0.1为第二个元素凸出距离

colors = ['tomato', 'lightskyblue', 'goldenrod', 'green', 'y']

# 饼图绘制函数

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))

plt.pie(sizes, explode=explode, labels=labels, colors=colors, \

autopct='%1.1f%%', shadow=False, pctdistance=0.8, \

startangle=90, textprops={'fontsize': 16, 'color': 'w'})

plt.title('读者年龄分布图')

plt.axis('equal')

plt.legend(loc='upper right')

plt.savefig('age.png', dpi=600)

plt.show()

print(age_pie())

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

三、代码解析

3.1显示正负号

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

1

#用来正常显示负号

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False

1

2

3.2显示中文

plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'SimHei'

黑体 SimHei

微软雅黑 Microsoft YaHei

微软正黑体 Microsoft JhengHei

新宋体 NSimSun

新细明体 PMingLiU

细明体 MingLiU

标楷体 DFKai-SB

仿宋 FangSong

楷体 KaiTi

仿宋_GB2312 FangSong_GB2312

楷体_GB2312 KaiTi_GB2312

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

3.3找出不合法数据

import pandas as pd

1

df[(df.age == '41"')].index.tolist()

1

3.4删除那一行

df = df.drop([1305])

1

3.5显示图例

plt.legend(loc='upper right')

1

3.6保存为图片

plt.savefig('age.png', dpi=600)