c语言指针二分查找,C语言二分查找法（指针和数组实现）

/** 编写一个函数，对一个已排序的整数表执行二分查找。

* 函数的输入包括各异指向表头的指针，表中的元素个数，以及待查找的数值。

* 函数的输出时一个指向满足查找要求的元素的指针，当未查找到要求的数值时，输出一个NULL指针

* 用两个版本实现，一个用的是数组小标，第二个用的是指针

* 他们均采用了不对称边界

*

Copyright (c) 2012 LiMing

Author: LiMing

2012-06-21

referenced C Traps and Pitfaills Chinese Edition

Page 132-137

*

* 查找的元素为x，数组下表是k，开始时0 <= k < n

* 接下来缩小范围lo <= k < hi,

* if lo equals hi, we can justify the element "x" is not in the array

**/#include

int array[] ={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};int *bsearch_01(int *t, int n, intx);int *bsearch_01(int *t, int n, intx)

{int lo = 0;int hi =n;while(lo

{//int mid = (hi + lo) / 2;

int mid = (hi + lo) >> 1;if(x

hi=mid;else if(x >t[mid])

lo= mid + 1;else

return t +mid;

}returnNULL;

}int *bsearch_02(int *t, int n, intx);int *bsearch_02(int *t, int n, intx)

{int lo = 0;int hi =n;while(lo

{//int mid = (hi + lo) / 2;

int mid = (hi + lo) >> 1;int *p = t + mid; //用指针变量p存储t+mid的值，这样就不需要每次都重新计算

if(x < *p)

hi=mid;else if(x > *p)

lo= mid + 1;else

returnp;

}returnNULL;

}//进一步减少寻址运算/** Suppose we want to reduce address arithmetic still further

* by using pointers instead of subscripts throughout the program.

*

**/

int *bsearch_03(int *t, int n, intx);int *bsearch_03(int *t, int n, intx)

{int *lo =t;int *hi = t +n;while(lo

{//int mid = (hi + lo) / 2;

int *mid = lo + ((hi - lo) >> 1);if(x < *mid)

hi=mid;else if(x > *mid)

lo= mid + 1;else

returnmid;

}returnNULL;

}/** The resulting program looks somewhat neater because of the symmetry

**/

int *bsearch_04(int *t, int n, intx);int *bsearch_04(int *t, int n, intx)

{int lo = 0;int hi = n - 1;while(lo <=hi)

{//int mid = (hi + lo) / 2;

int mid = (hi + lo) >> 1;if(x

hi= mid - 1;else if(x >t[mid])

lo= mid + 1;else

return t +mid;

}returnNULL;

}int main(int argc, char **argv)

{int * ret =NULL;int *ret2 =NULL;int *ret3 =NULL;int *ret4 =NULL;

ret= bsearch_01(array, 8, 3);

ret2= bsearch_02(array, 8, 6);

ret3= bsearch_03(array, 8, 4);

ret4= bsearch_04(array, 8, 2);

printf("The result is %d\n", *ret);

printf("The result is %d\n", *ret2);

printf("The result is %d\n", *ret3);

printf("The result is %d\n", *ret4);

printf("hello world\n");return 0;

}