借用MySQL 的 auto_increment 特性可以产生唯一的可靠ID。
表定义,关键在于auto_increment,和UNIQUE KEY的设置:
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6CREATE TABLE `Tickets64` (
`id`bigint(20) unsignedNOT NULL auto_increment,
`stub`char(1)NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `stub` (`stub`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM
需要使用时,巧用replace into语法来获取值,结合表定义的UNIQUE KEY,确保了一条记录就可以满足ID生成器的需求:
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2REPLACE INTO Tickets64 (stub)VALUES ('a');
SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();
以上方式中,通过MySQL的机制,可以确保此ID的唯一和自增,且适用于多并发的场景。官方对此的描述:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/information-functions.html
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3It is multi-user safe because multiple clients can issue the UPDATE statement and
get their own sequence value with the SELECT statement (or mysql_insert_id()),
without affecting or being affected by other clients that generate their own sequence values.
需要注意的是,若client采用PHP,则不能使用mysql_insert_id()获取ID,原因见《mysql_insert_id() 在bigint型AI字段遇到的问题》:http://kaifage.com/notes/99/mysql-insert-id-issue- with-bigint-ai-field.html。
Flickr 采取了此方案: http://code.flickr.net/2010/02/08/ticket-servers-distributed-unique-primary-keys-on-the-cheap/
相关:
http://www.zhihu.com/question/30674667
http://my.oschina.net/u/142836/blog/174465