python中什么是可选参数_Python函数中的可选参数及其默认值

Default parameters非常直观地，有点像函数对象上的成员变量。Default parameter values are evaluated when the function definition is executed. This means that the expression is evaluated once, when the function is defined, and that same “pre-computed” value is used for each call. This is especially important to understand when a default parameter is a mutable object, such as a list or a dictionary: if the function modifies the object (e.g. by appending an item to a list), the default value is in effect modified.Lists are a mutable objects; you can change their contents. The correct way to get a default list (or dictionary, or set) is to create it at run time instead, inside the function:def good_append(new_item, a_list=None):

if a_list is None:

a_list = []

a_list.append(new_item)

return a_list