python选择结构教案_Python——选择结构 和循环结构

一、选择结构

cunkuan=60

1.简单if判断

if cunkuan>100:

print(“可以买宝马！”)#须缩进

print(“好开心！”)

else :#后面不要跟条件

print(“还是骑自行车吧”)

2.多条件判断

cunkuan=60

if cunkuan >100:

print(“买宝马”)

elif cunkuan>50 :#执行完if 才执行elif,所以不用加cunkaun<100

print(“买大众”)

else :

print(“骑单车”)

3.嵌套if

cunkuan= int(input(“请输入你的存款：”))

zizhu= int (input(“请输入你爸给你的钱：”))

if cunkuan>100:

print(“买宝马”)

if zizhu >50:

print(“宝马740”)

elif zizhu>30:

print(“宝马520”)

elif zizhu>20:

print(“宝马320”)

else :

print(“二手宝马”)

elif cunkuan>50:

print(“买丰田”)

else :

print(“还是骑单车吧”)

4.案例：快递价格计算器

print(“欢迎使用计价器！”)

weight=int(input(“请输入重量：”))

place=input(“请输入地区编号(01.其他 02.东三省/宁夏/青海/海南 03.新疆/西藏 04.港澳台/国外)：”)

p=0

if(weight>3):

if place==“01”:

p=10+(weight-3)5

elif place==“02”:

p=12+10(weight-3)

elif place==“03”:

p=20+20*(weight-3)

elif place==“04”:

p=“error”

else :

print(“输入错误！”)

elif weight<3 and weight>0:

if place==“01”:

p=10

elif place==“02”:

p=12

elif place==“03”:

p=20

elif place==“04”:

p=100000

print(“不接受寄件！”)

else :

print(“输入错误”)

else :

print(“输入错误”)

print(“此次快递价格为：”,p,“元”)

5.案例：计算税后工资

before=float(input(“请输入你的税前工资：”))

m1=float(input(“请输入社保扣除金额：”))

ss=0#纳税金额

ys=before-m1-5000#应纳税所得额

if ys<=3000 and ys>0:

ss=ys0.03-0

elif ys<=12000:

ss=ys0.1-210

elif ys<=25000:

ss=ys0.2-1410

elif ys<=35000:

ss=ys0.30-4410

elif ys<=55000:

ss=ys0.35-7160

elif ys>80000:

ss=ys0.4-15160

print(“您应纳税金额为：”,ss,“到手工资为：”,before-m1-ss)

二、循环结构

1.for循环

1)

import time#引入时间

for i in range(1000):#从0-999

print(“第”,i+1,“次打印：hello word！”)

time.sleep(1)#睡眠一秒钟

2)

for i in range(50,100):#对序列进行遍历

print(i)

for i in range(50,100,2):#对序列进行遍历，指定步长

print(i)

3)遍历list

list1=[1,2,3,4,5,6]

tuple1=(5,6,7,8,9)

dict1={“name”:“张三”,“age”:“18”}

col={“a”,“b”,“c”}

for i in list1:

print(i)

for i in tuple1:

print(i)

for i in dict1:#只拿到键不能拿到值

print (dict1[i])

for i in col :

print(i)

4)案例：

0-100累加和

sum=0

for x in range(101):

sum+=x

print(sum)

0-100偶数累加和

sum=0

for x in range(0,101,2):

sum+=x

print(sum)

0-100奇数累加

sum=0

for x in range(1,101,2):

sum+=x

print(sum)

求最大值

a=[2323,435,464,423,2,54545,64,2323]

max=a[0]

for x in range(0,len(a)-1):

if max

max=a[x+1]

print(max)

2.while循环

1)

i = 0#初始值

while i<100:#循环条件

print(i)

i+=1

2)continue and break

continue:结束本次循环，直接执行下次循环

break; 直接跳出循环，不执行循环

if(i==10):

continue

if(i>15):

break