mysql更新等差数列求和公式_shell学习笔记（6）

第六天

一、while

1、范例1：每隔2秒记录一次系统负载情况

1.1 方法一：屏幕输出

[root@node4 day6]# cat while01.sh

#!/bin/bash

while true

do

uptime

sleep 2

done

1.2 追加到log里，使用微秒单位

[root@node4 day6]# cat while02.sh

#!/bin/bash

while [ 1 ]

do

uptime >> ./uptime.log

usleep 1000000

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while02.sh &

跟踪文件更新和尾部变化：

[root@node4 day6]# tail -f uptime.log

1.3 查看后台执行的任务

[root@node4 day6]# sh while02.sh &

[1] 5355

[root@node4 day6]# jobs

[1]+ Running sh while02.sh &

[root@node4 day6]#

拿到前台：

[root@node4 day6]# fg 1

sh while02.sh

(1)

暂停任务：

Ctrl+z

[1]+ Stopped sh while02.sh

(2)

放到后台执行：

[root@node4 day6]# bg

[1]+ sh while02.sh &

[root@node4 day6]# jobs

[1]+ Running sh while02.sh &

1.4 nohup

2、范例二

2.1 求1到100的和

[root@node4 day6]# cat while03.sh

#!/bin/bash

# xsz

# qq:666

# functions:while-3 example

# version:1.1

i=1

sum=0

while((i<=100))

do

((sum=sum+i))

((i++))

done

[ "$sum" -ne 0 ] && printf "totalsum is:$sum\n"

[root@node4 day6]# sh while03.sh

totalsum is:5050

[root@node4 day6]#

2.2 通过算法实现

[root@node4 day6]# cat sum.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=100

((sum=i*(i+1)/2))

echo $sum

[root@node4 day6]# sh sum.sh

5050

[root@node4 day6]# cat sum2.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=10000000

((sum=i*(1+10000000)/2))

echo $sum

[root@node4 day6]# sh sum2.sh

50000005000000

[root@node4 day6]#

提示：上述公式中an表示等差数列的第N项。

求和公式

Sn=(a1+an)n/2

Sn=a1n+n(n-1)d/2 d=公差

3、范例3：使用while循环竖向打印10,9,8……1

3.1 方法1

[root@node4 day6]# cat while04.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=10

while ((i>0))

do

echo $i

((i--))

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while04.sh

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

[root@node4 day6]#

3.2 方法二

两个中括号需要用$调用i

[root@node4 day6]# cat while05.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=10

while [[ $i > 0 ]]

do

echo $i

((i--))

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while05.sh

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

[root@node4 day6]#

3.3 正着打

[root@node4 day6]# cat while06.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=1

while [[ i -lt 11 ]]

do

echo $i

((i++))

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while06.sh

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

[root@node4 day6]#

3.4 其他

[root@node4 day6]# cat while07.sh

#!/bin/sh

read -t 20 -p "please input ht enumber:" i

while ((i--))

do

echo $i

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while07.sh

please input ht enumber:11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

[root@node4 day6]#

传参：

[root@node4 day6]# cat while08.sh

#!/bin/sh

i="$1"

while [ $i -gt 0 ]

do

echo $i

((i--))

done

[root@node4 day6]#

[root@node4 day6]# sh while08.sh 5

5

4

3

2

1

[root@node4 day6]#

3.5 until

until先执行循环再判断

[root@node4 day6]# cat until01.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=1

until ((i>100))

do

((sum=sum+i))

((i++))

done

[ -n "$sum" ] && echo $sum

[root@node4 day6]# sh until01.sh

5050

[root@node4 day6]# cat until02.sh

#!/bin/sh

i=10

until [[ $i < 1 ]]

do

echo $i

((i--))

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh until02.sh

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

[root@node4 day6]#

3.6 定时访问网站地址

[root@node4 day6]# cat while09.sh

#!/bin/bash

while true

do

curl -I -s http://www.niaoyun.com | head -1

sleep 10

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while09.sh

HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently

修改：

[root@node4 day6]# cat while09.sh

#!/bin/bash

while true

do

if [ `curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code}" http://10.201.106.134` -ne 200 ];then

echo "10.201.106.134 error"

#echo "niaoyun.com is error" | mail -s "18-status" root@localhost

else

echo "10.201.106.34 ok"

fi

sleep 2

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while09.sh

10.201.106.34 ok

10.201.106.34 ok

10.201.106.34 ok

10.201.106.34 ok

10.201.106.134 error

10.201.106.134 error

10.201.106.134 error

二、高级例子

1、判断URL是否正常的脚本

1.1 方法1 根据http code status判断

[root@node4 day6]# cat while-2-1.sh

#!/bin/sh

while true

do

status=`curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code}" $1`

if [ "$status" = "200" ];then

echo "this url is good"

else

echo "this url is bad"

fi

sleep 2

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while-2-1.sh www.baidu.com

this url is good

this url is good

this url is good

函数化：

[root@node4 day6]# cat while-2-1-2.sh

#!/bin/sh

. /etc/init.d/functions

while true

do

status=`curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code}" $1`

if [ "$status" = "200" ];then

action "this url is good" /bin/true

else

action "this url is bad" /bin/false

fi

sleep 1

done

[root@node4 day6]# sh while-2-1-2.sh www.baidu.com

this url is bad [FAILED]

this url is good [ OK ]

this url is good [ OK ]

this url is good [ OK ]

this url is good [ OK ]

1.2 数组方法检查

失败：

[root@node4 day6]# cat while-2-2.sh

#!/bin/sh

. /etc/init.d/functions

url_list=(

http://www.baidu.com

http://www.qq.com

http://www.niaoyun.com

)

function wait()

{

echo -n "3秒后，执行该操作."

for ((i=0;i<3;i++))

do

echo -n ".";sleep 1

done

}

function check_url()

{

wait

echo 'check url...'

for((i=0;i

do

#HTTP/1.1 200 OK

#judge=($(curl -I -s ${url_list[$i]} | head -1 | tr "\r" "\n"))

judge=($(curl -o /dev/null -s -w "%{http_code}" "${url_list[$i]}"))

if [[ "${judge[1]}" == '200' || "${judge[2]}" == 'OK' ]];then

action "${url_list[$i]}" /bin/true

else

action "${url_list[$i]}" /bin/false

fi

done

}

check_url

2、apache日志分析

2.1 问题1、计算apache一天的日志access_2010-12-8.log中所有行的日志各元素的访问字节数的总和

取出字节数：

[root@node4 day6]# awk '{print $10}' access_2010-12-8.log | grep -v "-"

44286

10850

11809

255

计算：

[root@node4 day6]# awk '{print $10}' access_2010-12-8.log | grep -v "-" | tr "\n" "+" | sed 's#+$#\n#g' | bc

226905

[root@node4 day6]#

脚本：

[root@node4 gaoji]# cat while05.sh

exec

sum=0

while read line

do

[ -z "`echo $line | awk '{print $10}' | sed 's#[0-9]##g'`" ] || continue

((sum=sum+`echo $line | awk '{print $10}'`))

done

echo $sum

[root@node4 gaoji]# sh while05.sh

226905

修改，增加变量：

[root@node4 gaoji]# cat while05.sh

exec

sum=0

while read line

do

bytes=`echo $line | awk '{print $10}'`

[ -z "`echo $bytes | sed 's#[0-9]##g'`" ] || continue

((sum=sum+$bytes))

done

echo $sum

for循环：

[root@node4 gaoji]# cat for-6.sh

#!/bin/bash

size=`awk '{print $10}' $1`

sum=0

for num in $size

do

[ -n "$num" -a "$num" = "${num//[^0-9]/}" ] || continue

((sum=$num+sum))

done

echo "Log.size:$sum bytes`echo $(($sum/1024))`KB"

[root@node4 gaoji]# sh for-6.sh access_2010-12-8.log

Log.size:226905 bytes221KB

2.2 抓阄脚本

1)执行脚本后，想去的同学输入英文名全拼，产生随机数01-99之间的数字，数字越大就去参加项目实践，前面已经抓到的数字，下次不能再出现相同数字。

2)第一个输入名字后，屏幕输出信息，并将名字和数字记录到文件里，程序不能退出继续等待别的学生输入。

低配版：输入名字打印名字和一个随机数，然后继续等待输入。

[root@node4 gaoji]# cat while06.sh

#!/bin/sh

while read -p "please input you name: " name

do

if [ -n "$name" ]; then

echo -e "$name\t$RANDOM"

fi

done

[root@node4 gaoji]# sh while06.sh

please input you name: xs

xs 6982

please input you name: xsz

xsz 10364

三、for循环

1、for简单例子

1.1 列出数字

[root@node4 for]# cat for01.sh

#!/bin/sh

for num in 5 4 3 2 1

do

echo $num

done

[root@node4 for]# cat for01.sh

#!/bin/sh

for ip in 10.201.106.1 10.201.106.2

do

ping -c 1 $ip

done

法2：

[root@node4 for]# cat for01.sh

#!/bin/sh

for num in {5..1}

do

echo $num

done

[root@node4 for]# sh for01.sh

5

4

3

2

1

[root@node4 for]# cat for01.sh

#!/bin/sh

for num in `seq 5 -1 1`

do

echo $num

done

打单数：

[root@node4 for]# cat for01.sh

#!/bin/sh

for num in `seq 9 -2 1`

do

echo $num

done

1.2 打印当前目录内容

[root@node4 for]# cat for02.sh

#!/bin/sh

for filename in `ls .`

do

echo $filename

done

1.3 清理开机自启动的服务

[root@node4 for]# cat for03.sh

#!/bin/sh

LANG=en

for oldboy in `chkconfig --list | grep 3:on | awk '{print $1}'`

do

chkconfig --level 3 $oldboy off

done

把需要的服务开启:

[root@node4 for]# cat for03.sh

#!/bin/sh

LANG=en

for oldboy in crond network syslog sshd

do

chkconfig --level 3 $oldboy on

done

1.4 seq

[root@node4 for]# seq 6

1

2

3

4

5

6

[root@node4 for]# seq 3 6

3

4

5

6

[root@node4 for]# seq 1 2 10

1

3

5

7

9

[root@node4 for]# seq -s , 1 10

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

计算

[root@node4 for]# seq -s "+" 5 | bc

15

2、企业面试题

2.1 使用for循环在/oldboy目录下创建10个文件，名称依次为oldboy-1 oldboy-2

[root@node4 for]# cat a1.sh

#!/bin/bash

for file in `seq 10`

do

[ ! -d "$dir" ] && mkdir -p /oldboy

touch /oldboy/oldboy-$file

done

[root@node4 for]# cat a1-2.sh

#!/bin/sh

DIR=/oldboy

mkdir $DIR -p

[ ! -d $dir ] && exit

for num in `seq 10`

do

cd $DIR && touch oldboy-$num

done

2.2 将以上文件中的oldboy全部改成linux

[root@node4 for]# cat a2.sh

for f in `ls /oldboy/*`

do

mv $f `echo $f | sed 's#oldboy-#linux-#g'`

done

[root@node4 for]# cat a2-1.sh

for f in `seq 10`

do

cd /oldboy

mv oldboy-$f linux-$f

done

[root@node4 for]# cat a2-2.sh

#!/bin/bash

DIR=/oldboy

[ ! -d $DIR ] && exit 1

cd $DIR

for f in `ls /oldboy/`

do

mv $f linux-`echo $f | cut -d "-" -f2`

done

2.3 批量创建10个系统账号oldboy01-oldboy10并设置密码(密码不能相同)

[root@node4 for]# cat a3.sh

for n in `seq -w 10`

do

useradd oldboy-$n && echo "oldboy-$n" | passwd --stdin oldboy-$n

done

2.4 批量创建10个系统账号oldboy01-oldboy10并设置密码(密码为随机8位数)

[root@node4 for]# cat a4.sh

for n in `seq -w 11 15`

do

useradd oldboy-$n

pass=`echo $RANDOM | md5sum | cut -c 11-18`

echo -e "user:oldboy-$n pass:$pass" >> /tmp/user.log

echo "$pass" | passwd --stdin oldboy-$n

done

[root@node4 for]# cat /tmp/user.log

user:oldboy-11 pass:8705147a

user:oldboy-12 pass:f6816151

user:oldboy-13 pass:561cf29e

user:oldboy-14 pass:d38ad8a6

user:oldboy-15 pass:5c60ead2

3、MySQL分表分库备份

3.1 分库备份

[root@node4 for]# cat mysql_bak.sh

#!/bin/bash

myuser="root"

mypass="oldboy123"

mycmd="mysql -u$myuser -p$mypass"

mydump="mysqldump -u$myuser -p$mypass"

for database in oldboy hellodb zabbix

do

$mydump $database | gzip > /backup/${database}_$(date +%F).sql.gz

done

[root@node4 backup]# ls

hellodb_2018-03-05.sql.gz oldboy_2018-03-05.sql.gz zabbix_2018-03-05.sql.gz

备份所有数据库，单库备份：

[root@node4 for]# cat mysql_bak01.sh

#!/bin/bash

myuser="root"

mypass="oldboy123"

mycmd="mysql -u$myuser -p$mypass"

mydump="mysqldump -u$myuser -p$mypass"

for database in `$mycmd -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | sed '1d'`

do

$mydump $database | gzip > /backup/${database}_$(date +%F).sql.gz

done

不备份系统库：

for database in `$mycmd -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | sed '1d' | grep -Ev "mysql|information_schema"`

3.2 分表

[root@node4 for]# cat mysql_bak02.sh

#!/bin/bash

myuser="root"

mypass="oldboy123"

mycmd="mysql -u$myuser -p$mypass"

mydump="mysqldump -u$myuser -p$mypass"

for database in `$mycmd -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | sed '1d' | grep -Ev "mysql|information_schema"`

do

[ ! -d "/backup/${database}" ] && mkdir -p /backup/${database}

for table in `$mycmd -e "SHOW TABLES from $database;" | sed '1d'`

do

$mydump $database $table | gzip > /backup/${database}/${database}_${table}_$(date +%F).sql.gz

done

done

[root@node4 backup]# tree /backup/

/backup/

├── hellodb

│   ├── hellodb_classes_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   ├── hellodb_coc_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   ├── hellodb_courses_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   ├── hellodb_scores_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   ├── hellodb_students_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   ├── hellodb_teachers_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   └── hellodb_toc_2018-03-05.sql.gz

├── oldboy

│   ├── oldboy_kecheng_2018-03-05.sql.gz

│   └── oldboy_student_2018-03-05.sql.gz

├── test

└── zabbix

├── zabbix_agent_2018-03-05.sql.gz

└── zabbix_server_2018-03-05.sql.gz