ubuntu 卸载linux内核_Linux专题—Ubuntu更改系统内核

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-09 15:21:43 发布

weixin_39886024

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-09 15:21:43 发布

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文章标签： ubuntu 卸载linux内核

Ubuntu 更改系统内核

所遇问题：

在装有GPU的机器上，执行nvidia-smi显示错误：NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
查找问题，由于内核进行过升级，需要将内核版本恢复到旧本本。（但目前远程办公，无法都物理机房进行手动选择启动内核）

问题解决：

查看当前内核版本：

(base) root@t90:~# uname -r
4.4.0-174-generic

查看所安装的所有内核版本：

(base) root@t90:~# dpkg --get-selections |grep linux-image
linux-image-4.4.0-116-generic           install
linux-image-4.4.0-169-generic           install
linux-image-4.4.0-170-generic           install
linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic           install
linux-image-4.4.0-174-generic           install
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-116-generic     deinstall
linux-image-generic             install

将版本从4.4.0-174更换到4.4.0-116 - 查看内核的启动顺序

(base) root@t90:~# grep menuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfg
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
  menuentry_id_option=""
export menuentry_id_option
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-174-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-174-generic-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-174-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-174-generic-init-upstart-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-174-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-174-generic-recovery-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-171-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-171-generic-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-171-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-171-generic-init-upstart-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-171-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-171-generic-recovery-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-170-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-170-generic-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-170-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-170-generic-init-upstart-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-170-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-170-generic-recovery-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-169-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-169-generic-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-169-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-169-generic-init-upstart-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-169-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-169-generic-recovery-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-116-generic-advanced-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic (upstart)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-116-generic-init-upstart-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.4.0-116-generic-recovery-eae48a6c-dc80-49ea-bd72-cd47d30b512d' {
(base) root@t90:~#

将 Linux 4.4.0-174-generic标志为0，则Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic为12 - 更改/etc/default/grud文件

(base) root@t90:~# vim /etc/default/grub

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

#GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_DEFAULT=12
GRUB_DEFAULT="Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic"
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=2
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1"

将GRUB_DEFAULT从0改为12或"Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-116-generic" - 更新内核

(base) root@t90:~# update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-174-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-174-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-171-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-171-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-170-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-170-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-169-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-169-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-116-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-116-generic
done

重启：reboot
重启之后查看内核版本：

(base) root@t90:~# uname -r 
4.4.0-116-generic

查看nvidia-smi

(base) root@t90:~# nvidia-smi 
Wed Feb 19 19:29:57 2020       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 418.67       Driver Version: 418.67       CUDA Version: 10.1     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  Tesla P100-PCIE...  Off  | 00000000:03:00.0 Off |                    0 |
| N/A   37C    P0    32W / 250W |      0MiB / 16280MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
|   1  Tesla P100-PCIE...  Off  | 00000000:04:00.0 Off |                    0 |
| N/A   37C    P0    26W / 250W |      0MiB / 16280MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID   Type   Process name                             Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|  No running processes found                                                 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

问题解决 Done!!

weixin_39886024

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ubuntu 卸载linux内核_Linux专题—Ubuntu更改系统内核

Ubuntu 更改系统内核所遇问题：在装有GPU的机器上，执行nvidia-smi显示错误：NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.查找问题，由于内核进行...
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