core控制器属性注入的用处_ASP.NET Core中使用Autofac进行属性注入

一些无关紧要的废话：

作为一名双修程序员(自封的)，喜欢那种使用Spring的注解形式进行依赖注入或者Unity的特性形式进行依赖注入，当然，形式大同小异，但结果都是一样的，通过属性进行依赖注入。

ASP.NET Core中使用了自带的Dependency Injection作为了默认的IOC容器，当然有先天的优势，很多还是喜欢切换到Autofac作为IOC容器，Unity在.Net Core中还是有很大的优势的，但据我所知，Unity5已经由微软转交到基金会了，而且本身文档很少，翻译文档以及研究的就更加少了。

当然，说了一堆废话，Autofac本身也是支持属性注入的，但是很多还是使用构造器进行注入，我本身也是推荐使用构造器进行注入(其实我不是这么想的)，因为使用属性进行注入，将会暴露当前类的属性(Autofac属性注入属性必须为public)，Spring可以用private进行注入的，但是不知道为什么，Autofac我使用private的时候注入进来的时候是null，如果文章有错误的话，希望高手能在留言处指出，帮助我及更多人进步。谢谢。

⒈新建一个ASP.NET Core MVC程序。

⒉添加 NuGet 包

Install-Package Autofac

Install-Package Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection

⒊新建实体类，服务抽象，服务实现。(DAL我这里就省略了，自行脑部)

usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;namespaceDapperDemo.Models

{public classUser

{public int id { get; set; }public string username { get; set; }public string password { get; set; }public int enabled { get; set; }

}

}

usingDapperDemo.Models;usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;namespaceDapperDemo.Services

{public interfaceIUserService

{

IListGetUsers();

}

}

usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;usingDapperDemo.Models;namespaceDapperDemo.Services.Impl

{public classUserService : IUserService

{public IListGetUsers()

{return new List{newUser

{

id= 1,

username= "fanqi",

password= "admin",

enabled= 1}

};

}

}

}

⒋新建一个Aufofac Module，配置注入

usingAutofac;usingDapperDemo.Services;usingDapperDemo.Services.Impl;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Reflection;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;namespaceDapperDemo.Module

{public classDefaultModule : Autofac.Module

{protected override voidLoad(ContainerBuilder builder)

{

builder.RegisterType().As().PropertiesAutowired()

.InstancePerLifetimeScope();var controllersTypesInAssembly = typeof(Startup).Assembly.GetExportedTypes()

.Where(type=> typeof(ControllerBase).IsAssignableFrom(type)).ToArray();

builder.RegisterTypes(controllersTypesInAssembly).PropertiesAutowired();

}

}

}

⒌修改Startup，替换IOC，使用Autofac作为默认的IOC容器

usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Reflection;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;usingAutofac;usingAutofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection;usingDapperDemo.Module;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Builder;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;usingMicrosoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;usingMicrosoft.Extensions.Configuration;usingMicrosoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;namespaceDapperDemo

{public classStartup

{publicStartup(IConfiguration configuration)

{

Configuration=configuration;

}public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }//This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.

publicIServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)

{

services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2).AddControllersAsServices();//添加 Autofac

var containerBuilder = newContainerBuilder();

containerBuilder.Populate(services);

containerBuilder.RegisterModule();var container =containerBuilder.Build();return newAutofacServiceProvider(container);

}//This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.

public voidConfigure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)

{if(env.IsDevelopment())

{

app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();

}else{

app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");

}

app.UseStaticFiles();

app.UseCookiePolicy();

app.UseMvc(routes=>{

routes.MapRoute(

name:"default",

template:"{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

});

}

}

}

⒍新建控制器，在属性中注入服务抽象实现。

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using DapperDemo.Models;

using DapperDemo.Services;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace DapperDemo.Controllers

{

[Route("api/[controller]")]

[ApiController]

public class UserController : ControllerBase

{

public IUserService UserService { protected get; set; }

[Route("get")]

public IList GetUsers()

{

return UserService.GetUsers();

}

}

}

⒎测试