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python内置函数,可以通过python的帮助文档 Build-in Functions,在终端交互下可以通过命令查看
>>> dir("__builtins__")
[‘__add__‘, ‘__class__‘, ‘__contains__‘, ‘__delattr__‘, ‘__dir__‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘,_eq__‘, ‘__format__‘, ‘__ge__‘, ‘__getattribute__‘, ‘__getitem__‘, ‘__getnewarg,__‘, ‘__gt__‘, ‘__hash__‘, ‘__init__‘, ‘__iter__‘, ‘__le__‘, ‘__len__‘, ‘__lt__, ‘__mod__‘, ‘__mul__‘, ‘__ne__‘, ‘__new__‘, ‘__reduce__‘, ‘__reduce_ex__‘, ‘__epr__‘, ‘__rmod__‘, ‘__rmul__‘, ‘__setattr__‘, ‘__sizeof__‘, ‘__str__‘, ‘__subcasshook__‘, ‘capitalize‘, ‘casefold‘, ‘center‘, ‘count‘, ‘encode‘, ‘endswith‘,expandtabs‘, ‘find‘, ‘format‘, ‘format_map‘, ‘index‘, ‘isalnum‘, ‘isalpha‘, ‘isecimal‘, ‘isdigit‘, ‘isidentifier‘, ‘islower‘, ‘isnumeric‘, ‘isprintable‘, ‘issace‘, ‘istitle‘, ‘isupper‘, ‘join‘, ‘ljust‘, ‘lower‘, ‘lstrip‘, ‘maketrans‘, ‘prtition‘, ‘replace‘, ‘rfind‘, ‘rindex‘, ‘rjust‘, ‘rpartition‘, ‘rsplit‘, ‘rstri‘, ‘split‘, ‘splitlines‘, ‘startswith‘, ‘strip‘, ‘swapcase‘, ‘title‘, ‘translat‘, ‘upper‘, ‘zfill‘]
python内置函数可以分为大致几类
数字运算
abs(-1) #取绝对值或者复数的模
max([1,2,3])、min([1,2,3]) #最大最小值
len(‘abc‘)、len([1,2,3])、len((1,2,3))#序列长度
divmod(5,2)//(2,1)#内置函数,把...转换成复数,如complex(‘2‘)返回(2+0j),compl
ex(‘2+3j‘)返回(2+3j)
pow()# 内置函数,乘方。如果有第三个参数,则表示乘方的结果对第三个参数取余,如w(2,3)
返回8,pow(2,3,4)返回0
round(1)//1.0#浮点数
功能判断
callable("变量") #函数是否可调用。注意:变量要定义过
isinstance(x,[11,22,33])#判断X是不是有列表或者整型等,如果是,返回True,不是返回False
cmp(‘hello‘,‘hello‘)#比较
(x)range([start,] stop[, step])# 快速生成序列
类型转换
long(x)
float(x) #把。。转换成浮点数
complex(x) //复数
str(x)#转换成字符串
list(x)#转换成字符串
tuple(x) //元组
进制件的相互转换
r = hex(10)#十六进制
r = oct(10)#八进制
r= bin(10)#二进制
r= int(10)#十进制
i= int("11",base=10)#进制间的相互转换base后跟 2/8/10/16
print(i)
chr(x)//返回x对应的字符,如chr(65)返回‘A‘
ord(x)//返回字符对应的ASC码数字编号,如ord(‘A‘)返回65
#最常用的例子就是生随机验证码
import random
temp = ""
for i in range(4):
num = random.randrange(0,4)
if num == 3 or num == 1:
li = random.randrange(0,10)
temp = temp + str(li)
else:
rad = random.randrange(65,91)
c = chr(rad)
temp += c
print(temp)
序列处理
len():序列长度
max():序列中最大值
min():最小值
reduce():归并
filter():过滤序列,具体用法如下
def f1(x):
# if x > 22:
# return True
# else:
# return False
return x >22
# ret = filter(f1,[11,22,33,44])
ret = filter(lambda x: x > 22, [11,22,33,44])
for i in ret:
print(i)
map():并行遍历,可接受一个function类型的参数,同filter()函数
zip():并行遍历,用法具体如下
f1 = ["a","b","c"]
f2 = [11,22,33]
set = zip(f1,f2)
for i in set:
print(i)
type()返回某数据类型等等
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/flash55/p/5839012.html