请在请求中携带deviceid参数_如何发送multipart/formdata请求

最近工作中需要抓这个网站的数据：https://www.luonet.com/home 

进入到达人榜单导航页，打开F12，先来抓包：

这里列举一下几种常见的Content-Type：

application/x-www-form-urlencoded

application/json

text/xml

而这里的multipart/form-data类型在构造post请求时应该怎么写呢？

先来看一下它长什么样子：

每条信息被一个类似分隔符的东西分开了，网上有很多写法，但是都不能成功拿到数据，最后上谷歌查了下资料，提供了这样一种写法：

# coding: utf-8import jsonimport requestsimport urllib3from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoderheaders = {    'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*',    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',    'Authorization': 'Bearer1593333006805-e72abe8c-9b68-456b-bdaa-85a85c6832a7',    'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',    'Connection': 'keep-alive',    'Content-Length': '851',    'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryOLBTheinO0rm8mLD',    'Cookie': 'user-token={%22access_token%22:%221593333006805-e72abe8c-9b68-456b-bdaa-85a85c6832a7%22%2C%22refresh_token%22:%22ebc99962-7d7c-4b68-bbc4-c873ec16a326%22%2C%22scope%22:%22select%22%2C%22token_type%22:%22bearer%22%2C%22expires_in%22:604799}; Hm_lvt_7b7f8c848620f517ba2e97ac5881177a=1593332971,1593592472; localeLanguage=zh; luonetUUID=cZ91c9pGsj1593592475722; deviceId=cZ91c9pGsj1593592475722-376831e25d601397e58ad070d554fb3f; connect.sid=s%3AhDB6zvEu3rTZOMhar8u5VC4gA2zS1VIK.69Gz%2FnjERxsLIefdMVKG1ZAAxu8f7PJZi7iDKv17LqA; Hm_lpvt_7b7f8c848620f517ba2e97ac5881177a=1593592499; JSESSIONID=7DBC314C98E432B083B3B64D550C9274',    'deviceId': 'cZ91c9pGsj1593592475722-376831e25d601397e58ad070d554fb3f',    'Host': 'www.luonet.com',    'If-Modified-Since': 'Thu, 01 Jun 1970 00:00:00 GMT',    'Origin': 'https://www.luonet.com',    'Referer': 'https://www.luonet.com/billboard/celebrity/hot',    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',    'shouldIntercept': 'true',    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.97 Safari/537.36',    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',}url = 'https://www.luonet.com/dcapi/api/douyinUserReport/list'data = {    's_fdStartTime': '2020-06-29 00:00:00',    's_fdType': '1',    's_Like_fdArea': '',    's_MATCH_fdLabels': '',    's_fdGrade': '',    'pageIndex': '1',    'reLoad': 'false',    'limit': '30',}urllib3.disable_warnings(urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)m = MultipartEncoder(data)headers['Content-Type'] = m.content_typeres = json.loads(requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=m, verify=False, timeout=10).text)print(res)

导入requests_toolbelt中的MultipartEncoder方法，然后把表单数据经过处理，再使用requests发送post请求，解析json数据：

m = MultipartEncoder(data)res = json.loads(requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=m, verify=False, timeout=10).text)

就成功请求到了数据：

最后，提醒一下，请求速度不要太快了，小心被网站屏蔽哦