python3 byte 字面值_2.5Python语言的字面值(Literals)

字面值用于表示一些内置类型的常量值。

1.字符串和字节串字面值(String and Bytes literals)

stringliteral ::= [stringprefix](shortstring | longstring)

stringprefix ::= "r" | "u" | "R" | "U" | "f" | "F"

| "fr" | "Fr" | "fR" | "FR" | "rf" | "rF" | "Rf" | "RF"

shortstring ::= "'" shortstringitem* "'" | '"' shortstringitem* '"'

longstring ::= "'''" longstringitem* "'''" | '"""' longstringitem* '"""'

shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | stringescapeseq

longstringitem ::= longstringchar | stringescapeseq

shortstringchar ::=

longstringchar ::=

stringescapeseq ::= "\"

bytesliteral ::= bytesprefix(shortbytes | longbytes)

bytesprefix ::= "b" | "B" | "br" | "Br" | "bR" | "BR" | "rb" | "rB" | "Rb" | "RB"

shortbytes ::= "'" shortbytesitem* "'" | '"' shortbytesitem* '"'

longbytes ::= "'''" longbytesitem* "'''" | '"""' longbytesitem* '"""'

shortbytesitem ::= shortbyteschar | bytesescapeseq

longbytesitem ::= longbyteschar | bytesescapeseq

shortbyteschar ::=

longbyteschar ::=

bytesescapeseq ::= "\"

2.数字字面值(Numeric literals)

数字字面值有三种类型: 整型数、浮点数和虚数。没有专门的复数字面值 (复数可由一个实数加一个虚数合成)。

注意数字字面值并不包含正负号；-1 这样的负数实际上是由单目运算符 ‘-‘ 和字面值 1 合成的。

2.1整型数字面值(Integer literals)

integer ::= decinteger | bininteger | octinteger | hexinteger

decinteger ::= nonzerodigit (["_"] digit)* | "0"+ (["_"] "0")*

bininteger ::= "0" ("b" | "B") (["_"] bindigit)+

octinteger ::= "0" ("o" | "O") (["_"] octdigit)+

hexinteger ::= "0" ("x" | "X") (["_"] hexdigit)+

nonzerodigit ::= "1"..."9"

digit ::= "0"..."9"

bindigit ::= "0" | "1"

octdigit ::= "0"..."7"

hexdigit ::= digit | "a"..."f" | "A"..."F"

2.2浮点数字面值(Floating point literals)

floatnumber ::= pointfloat | exponentfloat

pointfloat ::= [digitpart] fraction | digitpart "."

exponentfloat ::= (digitpart | pointfloat) exponent

digitpart ::= digit (["_"] digit)*

fraction ::= "." digitpart

exponent ::= ("e" | "E") ["+" | "-"] digitpart

一些浮点数字面值的示例如下:

3.14 10. .001 1e100 3.14e-10 0e0 3.14_15_93

2.3虚数字面值(Imaginary literals)

imagnumber ::= (floatnumber | digitpart) ("j" | "J")

一个虚数字面值将生成一个实部为 0.0 的复数。复数是以一对浮点数来表示的，它们的取值范围相同。要创建一个实部不为零的复数，就加上一个浮点数，例如 (3+4j)。一些虚数字面值的示例如下:

3.14j 10.j 10j .001j 1e100j 3.14e-10j 3.14_15_93j

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