python caffe框架_Ubuntu16.04搭建caffe环境（cpu-only)与Python调用

安装编译caffe的各种依赖

安装基础依赖

sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev

安装BLAS

sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev

其他的一些依赖

sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev

Python Caffe

安装Python

sudo apt-get install python-dev

###安装anaconda

从清华的镜像下载anaconda，根据anaconda官网提供的版本号，从清华镜像的目录中查找到对应的版本为Anaconda2-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh(python2.7版本)

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda2-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh

下载完成后，运行这个sh。在安装的过程中，会问你安装路径，直接回车默认就可以了。有个地方问你是否将anaconda安装路径加入到环境变量(.bashrc)中，这个一定要输入yes。

安装成功后，会有当前用户根目录下生成一个anaconda2的文件夹，里面就是安装好的内容。

下载Caffe

git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git

配置python

将caffe根目录下的python文件夹加入到环境变量，等编译好了以后就可以import caffe来使用了

打开配置文件bashrc

sudo vi ~/.bashrc

在最后面加入

export PYTHONPATH=$(caffe_path)/python:$PYTHONPATH

注意 $(caffe_path) 需要根据自己caffe安装路径的实际情况配置

保存退出，更新配置文件

source ~/.bashrc

修改Makefile.config

首先，在caffe的根目录下复制Makefile.config.example 成 Makefile.config

cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config

然后修改Makefile.config，我的配置如下所示

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html

# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).

# USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).

#因为使用的是cpu模式，所以要放开

CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers

# USE_OPENCV := 0

# USE_LEVELDB := 0

# USE_LMDB := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)

#You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any

#possibility of simultaneous read and write

# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3

# OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.

# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++

# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.

CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda

# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via

# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:

# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.

# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.

# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.

# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.

CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \

-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \

-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \

-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \

-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \

-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \

-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \

-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \

-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:

# atlas for ATLAS (default)

# mkl for MKL

# open for OpenBlas

BLAS := atlas

# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.

# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS

# (which should work)!

# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas

# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path

# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include

# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.

# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.

# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local

# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.

# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.

#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \

/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:

# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.

#因为使用了anaconda所以要配置anaconda的地址，如果不配置则会出现找不到*.h的情况

ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda2

#使用anaconda的头文件

PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \

$(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \

$(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)

# PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m

# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \

# /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.

# PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib

#使用anaconda的库

PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)

# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include

# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)

# WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.

INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include

LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies

# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include

# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)

# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)

# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.

# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)

# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`

BUILD_DIR := build

DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171

# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.

TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)

Q ?= @

编译caffe

make pycaffe -j8

make all -j8

make test -j8

make runtest -j8

运行python

进入caffe/python ，运行python

python

Python 2.7.14 |Anaconda custom (64-bit)| (default, Oct 16 2017, 17:29:19)

[GCC 7.2.0] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import caffe

>>>

输入import caffe没有反应则说明成功，但如果出现问题error ：No module named google.protobuf.internal，则运行以下代码：

conda install protobuf

接下来，运行caffe自带的例子，可参考运行caffe自带的两个简单例子