python中字符串全部小写的方法_在Python中，将字符串转换为所有小写字符的最有效方法是什么？...

另一个解决方案(不是pythonic，但速度很快)是使用string.translate—不过请注意，这对unicode不起作用。值得注意的是，您可以通过将字符移动到一个集合(该集合通过散列查找，而不是每次执行线性搜索)来加快Dana's code。以下是我得到的各种解决方案的时间安排：import string, re, timeit

# Precomputed values (for str_join_set and translate)

letter_set = frozenset(string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase)

tab = string.maketrans(string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase,

string.ascii_lowercase * 2)

deletions = ''.join(ch for ch in map(chr,range(256)) if ch not in letter_set)

s="A235th@#$&( er Ra{}|?>ndom"

# From unwind's filter approach

def test_filter(s):

return filter(lambda x: x in string.ascii_lowercase, s.lower())

# using set instead (and contains)

def test_filter_set(s):

return filter(letter_set.__contains__, s).lower()

# Tomalak's solution

def test_regex(s):

return re.sub('[^a-z]', '', s.lower())

# Dana's

def test_str_join(s):

return ''.join(c for c in s.lower() if c in string.ascii_lowercase)

# Modified to use a set.

def test_str_join_set(s):

return ''.join(c for c in s.lower() if c in letter_set)

# Translate approach.

def test_translate(s):

return string.translate(s, tab, deletions)

for test in sorted(globals()):

if test.startswith("test_"):

assert globals()[test](s)=='atherrandom'

print "%30s : %s" % (test, timeit.Timer("f(s)",

"from __main__ import %s as f, s" % test).timeit(200000))

这给了我：test_filter : 2.57138351271

test_filter_set : 0.981806765698

test_regex : 3.10069885233

test_str_join : 2.87172979743

test_str_join_set : 2.43197956381

test_translate : 0.335367566218

[编辑]也更新了过滤解决方案。(注意，使用set.__contains__在这里有很大的区别，因为它避免了对lambda进行额外的函数调用。