python分段函数编程例子_python – 在pandas / numpy中实现分段函数的正确方法

我需要创建一个函数来传递给curve_fit.在我的例子中,函数最好定义为分段函数.

我知道以下内容不起作用,但我正在显示它,因为它使函数的意图清晰：

def model_a(X, x1, x2, m1, b1, m2, b2):

'''f(x) has form m1*x + b below x1, m2*x + b2 above x2, and is

a cubic spline between those two points.'''

y1 = m1 * X + b1

y2 = m2 * X + b2

if X <= x1:

return y1 # function is linear below x1

if X >= x2:

return y2 # function is linear above x2

# use a cubic spline to interpolate between lower

# and upper line segment

a, b, c, d = fit_cubic(x1, y1, x2, y2, m1, m2)

return cubic(X, a, b, c, d)

当然,问题在于X是一个熊猫系列,并且形式(X <= x1)评估为一系列布尔值,因此失败的消息是“系列的真值是模糊的”.

似乎np.piecewise()就是针对这种情况设计的：“无论condlist [i]为True,funclist [i](x)都用作输出值.”所以我尝试了这个：

def model_b(X, x1, x2, m1, b1, m2, b2):

def lo(x):

return m1 * x + b1

def hi(x):

return m2 * x + b2

def mid(x):

y1 = m1 * x + b1

y2 = m2 * x + b2

a, b, c, d = fit_cubic(x1, y1, x2, y2, m1, m2)

return a * x * x * x + b * x * x + c * x + d

return np.piecewise(X, [X<=x1, X>=x2], [lo, hi, mid])

但是这次会议失败了：

return np.piecewise(X, [X<=x1, X>=x2], [lo, hi, mid])

消息“IndexError：数组索引太多”.我倾向于认为它反对condlist中有两个元素和funclist中有三个元素这一事实,但是文档明确指出funclist中的额外元素被视为默认元素.

任何指导？

解决方法:

这个piece of code在NumPy中对np.piecewise的定义是以list / ndarray为中心的：

# undocumented: single condition is promoted to a list of one condition

if isscalar(condlist) or (

not isinstance(condlist[0], (list, ndarray)) and x.ndim != 0):

condlist = [condlist]

因此,如果X是一个系列,那么condlist = [X< = x1,X> = x2]是两个系列的列表.

由于condlist [0]既不是列表也不是ndarray,condlist被“提升”为一个条件的列表：

condlist = [condlist]

由于这不是我们想要发生的,我们需要在将它传递给np.piecewise之前使condlist成为NumPy数组的列表：

X = X.values

例如,

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

def model_b(X, x1, x2, m1, b1, m2, b2):

def lo(x):

return m1 * x + b1

def hi(x):

return m2 * x + b2

def mid(x):

y1 = m1 * x + b1

y2 = m2 * x + b2

# a, b, c, d = fit_cubic(x1, y1, x2, y2, m1, m2)

a, b, c, d = 1, 2, 3, 4

return a * x * x * x + b * x * x + c * x + d

X = X.values

return np.piecewise(X, [X<=x1, X>=x2], [lo, hi, mid])

X = pd.Series(np.linspace(0, 100, 100))

x1, x2, m1, b1, m2, b2 = 30, 60, 10, 5, -20, 30

f = model_b(X, x1, x2, m1, b1, m2, b2)

标签：python,pandas,numpy,scipy

来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20190607/1195254.html