python 超类_Trouple访问python超类属性

I have two classes that loosely take the form below:

class Foo:

def __init__(self, foo):

self.__foo = foo

class Bar(Foo):

def bar(self):

print self.__foo

When I try to invoke the bar method on an instance of Bar, it fails.

b = Bar('foobar')

b.bar()

Result:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "foobar.py", line 14, in

b.bar()

File "foobar.py", line 10, in bar

print self.__foo

AttributeError: Bar instance has no attribute '_Bar__foo'

My understanding is that this code should work based on two other questions, why doesn't it?

解决方案

Simple. __foo contains 2 underscores in the beginning, so it's assumed to be class-private method and it's transformed into _Classname__method.

When you request access to the attribute named as such on Bar object it asks Bar class if it has this method (not Foo class), so self.__foo is always the same as self._Bar__foo.

When an identifier that textually occurs in a class definition begins

with two or more underscore characters and does not end in two or more

underscores, it is considered a private name of that class. Private

names are transformed to a longer form before code is generated for

them. The transformation inserts the class name, with leading

underscores removed and a single underscore inserted, in front of the

name. For example, the identifier __spam occurring in a class named

Ham will be transformed to _Ham__spam.

If you modify your code slightly

class Foo:

def __init__(self, foo):

self.__foo = foo

assert hasattr(self, '_Foo__foo'), 'Attribute has been just created'

class Bar(Foo):

def bar(self):

assert hasattr(self, '_Foo__foo'), 'No errors, thanks to inheritance'

assert statements will not cause any AssertionErrors.

Add __getattribute__ method to Bar class to capture all requests to Bar objects:

class Bar(Foo):

def bar(self):

print('Accessing __foo from bar')

print(self.__foo)

def __getattribute__(self, name):

print('Requested', name)

return super().__getattribute__(name)

b = Bar('foobar')

b.bar()

There will be 3 lines (apart from AttributeError) in the output:

Requested bar

Accessing __foo from bar

Requested _Bar__foo # AttributeError follows

As you can see, if attribute you are requesting has 2 leading underscores, Python is renaming it on the fly.