linux窗口叉号不显示,Linux错误处理与错误号

来源：ChinaUnix博客 作者：huntley_bian 编辑：周荣茂

每天只要进步一点点!

小知识:

linux从文本界面启动:

首先进入root权限，在fedora下，终端输入:su root;输入你的密码；进入root权限下，使用shell，vi /etc/inittab,修改inittab文件，把id:5:initdefault的5改成3。其他几种对应的模式如下： 0 关机 1 单用户模式 2 多用户模式，但是不支持网络访问 3 多用户模式，文本模式启动 4 无定义的 5 图形化界面 6 重启

进入图形界面startx,就OK了,当然前提是装了图形界面

文件权限:

4:读 相当于r

2:写 相当于w

1:执行 相当二x

常用7 可读可写可执行

6 可读可写

5 可读可执行

4 只可读

Linux错误机制

1,在用户进行文件操作的时候,会出各种各样的错误,比如权限不足,空间不足,找不到文件等,此时需在程序中设置错误捕捉语句,并显示错误.

在linux中错误定义成了错误号和错误常数,如果发生错误,便宜会返回

在终端上可以用以下命令来查看错误的定义:

cat /usr/include/asm/errno.h

如下:

#ifndef _I386_ERRNO_H

#define _I386_ERRNO_H

#define EPERM 1 /* Operation not permitted */

#define ENOENT 2 /* No such file or directory */

#define ESRCH 3 /* No such process */

#define EINTR 4 /* Interrupted system call */

#define EIO 5 /* I/O error */

#define ENXIO 6 /* No such device or address */

#define E2BIG 7 /* Arg list too long */

#define ENOEXEC 8 /* Exec format error */

#define EBADF 9 /* Bad file number */

#define ECHILD 10 /* No child processes */

#define EAGAIN 11 /* Try again */

#define ENOMEM 12 /* Out of memory */

#define EACCES 13 /* Permission denied */

#define EFAULT 14 /* Bad address */

#define ENOTBLK 15 /* Block device required */

#define EBUSY 16 /* Device or resource busy */

#define EEXIST 17 /* File exists */

#define EXDEV 18 /* Cross-device link */

#define ENODEV 19 /* No such device */

#define ENOTDIR 20 /* Not a directory */

#define EISDIR 21 /* Is a directory */

#define EINVAL 22 /* Invalid argument */

#define ENFILE 23 /* File table overflow */

#define EMFILE 24 /* Too many open files */

#define ENOTTY 25 /* Not a typewriter */

#define ETXTBSY 26 /* Text file busy */

#define EFBIG 27 /* File too large */

#define ENOSPC 28 /* No space left on device */

#define ESPIPE 29 /* Illegal seek */

#define EROFS 30 /* Read-only file system */

#define EMLINK 31 /* Too many links */

#define EPIPE 32 /* Broken pipe */

#define EDOM 33 /* Math argument out of domain of func */

#define ERANGE 34 /* Math result not representable */

#define EDEADLK 35 /* Resource deadlock would occur */

#define ENAMETOOLONG 36 /* File name too long */

#define ENOLCK 37 /* No record locks available */

#define ENOSYS 38 /* Function not implemented */

#define ENOTEMPTY 39 /* Directory not empty */

#define ELOOP 40 /* Too many symbolic links encountered */

#define EWOULDBLOCK EAGAIN /* Operation would block */

#define ENOMSG 42 /* No message of desired type */

#define EIDRM 43 /* Identifier removed */

#define ECHRNG 44 /* Channel number out of range */

#define EL2NSYNC 45 /* Level 2 not synchronized */

#define EL3HLT 46 /* Level 3 halted */

#define EL3RST 47 /* Level 3 reset */

#define ELNRNG 48 /* Link number out of range */

#define EUNATCH 49 /* Protocol driver not attached */

#define ENOCSI 50 /* No CSI structure available */

#define EL2HLT 51 /* Level 2 halted */

#define EBADE 52 /* Invalid exchange */

#define EBADR 53 /* Invalid request descriptor */

#define EXFULL 54 /* Exchange full */

#define ENOANO 55 /* No anode */

#define EBADRQC 56 /* Invalid request code */

#define EBADSLT 57 /* Invalid slot */

#define EDEADLOCK EDEADLK

#define EBFONT 59 /* Bad font file format */

#define ENOSTR 60 /* Device not a stream */

#define ENODATA 61 /* No data available */

#define ETIME 62 /* Timer expired */

#define ENOSR 63 /* Out of streams resources */

#define ENONET 64 /* Machine is not on the network */

#define ENOPKG 65 /* Package not installed */

#define EREMOTE 66 /* Object is remote */

#define ENOLINK 67 /* Link has been severed */

#define EADV 68 /* Advertise error */

#define ESRMNT 69 /* Srmount error */

#define ECOMM 70 /* Communication error on send */

#define EPROTO 71 /* Protocol error */

#define EMULTIHOP 72 /* Multihop attempted */

#define EDOTDOT 73 /* RFS specific error */

#define EBADMSG 74 /* Not a data message */

#define EOVERFLOW 75 /* Value too large for defined data type */

#define ENOTUNIQ 76 /* Name not unique on network */

#define EBADFD 77 /* File descriptor in bad state */

#define EREMCHG 78 /* Remote address changed */

#define ELIBACC 79 /* Can not access a needed shared library */

#define ELIBBAD 80 /* Accessing a corrupted shared library */

#define ELIBSCN 81 /* .lib section in a.out corrupted */

#define ELIBMAX 82 /* Attempting to link in too many shared libraries */

#define ELIBEXEC 83 /* Cannot exec a shared library directly */

#define EILSEQ 84 /* Illegal byte sequence */

#define ERESTART 85 /* Interrupted system call should be restarted */

#define ESTRPIPE 86 /* Streams pipe error */

#define EUSERS 87 /* Too many users */

#define ENOTSOCK 88 /* Socket operation on non-socket */

#define EDESTADDRREQ 89 /* Destination address required */

#define EMSGSIZE 90 /* Message too long */

#define EPROTOTYPE 91 /* Protocol wrong type for socket */

#define ENOPROTOOPT 92 /* Protocol not available */

#define EPROTONOSUPPORT 93 /* Protocol not supported */

#define ESOCKTNOSUPPORT 94 /* Socket type not supported */

#define EOPNOTSUPP 95 /* Operation not supported on transport endpoint */

#define EPFNOSUPPORT 96 /* Protocol family not supported */

#define EAFNOSUPPORT 97 /* Address family not supported by protocol */

#define EADDRINUSE 98 /* Address already in use */

#define EADDRNOTAVAIL 99 /* Cannot assign requested address */

#define ENETDOWN 100 /* Network is down */

#define ENETUNREACH 101 /* Network is unreachable */

#define ENETRESET 102 /* Network dropped connection because of reset */

#define ECONNABORTED 103 /* Software caused connection abort */

#define ECONNRESET 104 /* Connection reset by peer */

#define ENOBUFS 105 /* No buffer space available */

#define EISCONN 106 /* Transport endpoint is already connected */

#define ENOTCONN 107 /* Transport endpoint is not connected */

#define ESHUTDOWN 108 /* Cannot send after transport endpoint shutdown */

#define ETOOMANYREFS 109 /* Too many references: cannot splice */

#define ETIMEDOUT 110 /* Connection timed out */

#define ECONNREFUSED 111 /* Connection refused */

#define EHOSTDOWN 112 /* Host is down */

#define EHOSTUNREACH 113 /* No route to host */

#define EALREADY 114 /* Operation already in progress */

#define EINPROGRESS 115 /* Operation now in progress */

#define ESTALE 116 /* Stale NFS file handle */

#define EUCLEAN 117 /* Structure needs cleaning */

#define ENOTNAM 118 /* Not a XENIX named type file */

#define ENAVAIL 119 /* No XENIX semaphores available */

#define EISNAM 120 /* Is a named type file */

#define EREMOTEIO 121 /* Remote I/O error */

#define EDQUOT 122 /* Quota exceeded */

#define ENOMEDIUM 123 /* No medium found */

#define EMEDIUMTYPE 124 /* Wrong medium type */

#endif

通过strerror函数来显示错误信息

输入以下程序:

#include

#include

#include /*包含错误处理的头文件*/

int main(void)

{

printf("ENOENT:\n");

char *mesg = strerror(ENOENT);

printf(" Errno :%d\n",ENOENT);

printf(" Message:%s\n",mesg);

printf("EIO :\n");

char *mesg1 = strerror(EIO);

printf(" Errno :%d\n",EIO);

printf(" Message:%s\n",mesg1);

printf("EEXIST :\n");

char *mesg2 = strerror(EEXIST);

printf(" Errno :%d\n",EEXIST);

printf(" Message:%s\n",mesg2);

}

编译运行结果如下:

ENOENT:

Errno :2

Message:No such file or directory

EIO :

Errno :5

Message:Input/output error

EEXIST :

Errno :17

Message:File exists

下面用序号显示错误信息

char *strerrno(int erronum)

输入以下源程序:

#include

#include

#include

int main(void)

{

int i;

for(i=0;i

编译运行如下:

errno :0

message :Success

errno :1

message :Operation not permitted

errno :2

message :No such file or directory

errno :3

message :No such process

errno :4

message :Interrupted system call

errno :5

message :Input/output error

errno :6

message :No such device or address

errno :7

message :Argument list too long

errno :8

message :Exec format error

errno :9

message :Bad file descriptor

errno :10

message :No child processes

errno :11

message :Resource temporarily unavailable

errno :12

message :Cannot allocate memory

errno :13

message :Permission denied

errno :14

message :Bad address

errno :15

message :Block device required