python查看列表数据类型_Python-数据类型之列表

三：列表

3.1  列表的定义语法

中括号，已逗号为分割，可以方任意得数据类型，甚至是对象

li = ['wangys','lala',123,[1,2,3],{'name':'wangys'}]

3.2 取单个元素，取出的是原数据类型

li = ['wangys','lala',123,[1,2,3],{'name':'wangys'}]

l1=li[0]

print(l1,type(l1))

l2=li[2]

print(l2,type(l2))

l3=li[3]

print(l3,type(l3))

3.3 取多个元素，取出的是列表类型

li = ['wangys','lala',123,[1,2,3],{'name':'wangys'}]

l4=li[0:2]

print(l4,type(l4))

3.4  增加元素

增加元素有三种操作

3.4.1 append 在末尾增加

li = ['wangys','gongzhu']

li.append('caomei')

li.append('1')

print(li)

# 需求： 员工列表，往员工列表里添加员工，可以持续添加，当输入q时退出

people = ['wangys','huisz']

flag = True

while flag:

add_people = input("请输入员工姓名：").strip()

if add_people.upper() == 'Q':

flag = False

else:

people.append(add_people)

print(people)

3.4.2  insert 按照索引进行插入

name = ['wangys','chaoyf']

name.insert(1,'huisz')

print(name)

3.4.3 extend 将可迭代对象插入到列表的末尾，插入的是可迭代对象的每个元素

整型是不可迭代对象

name = ['wangys','chaoyf']

name.extend('lala')

print(name)

name.extend([1,2,3])

print(name)

3.5 删除元素

3.5.1 pop

1: pop 有返回值，该返回值是被删除的数据

2：按索引删除

3：不指定索引，把最后一个元素删除

name = ['wangys','lala']

delete_name =name.pop()

print(delete_name,name)

name = ["wangys","haha"]

name.pop(0)

print(name)

name = ["wangys","hehe"]

print(name.pop())

3.5.2 按照元素去删除

name = ['wangys','dede']

name.remove('dede')

print(name)

3.5.3 清空列表

name = ["wangys","dsad"]

name.clear()

print(name)

3.5.4 删除列表

name = ['wangys']

delname

print(name)

3.5.5 切片删除

name = ['wangys',"lala",'haha']

del name[1:]

print(name)

3.6 改元素

3.6.1 单个元素改

是按照索引修改，插入什么就是什么，单个元素插入

name = ["wangys","haha"]

name[1] = 'xiaogongzhu'

print(name)

name = ["wangys","sdfsdf"]

name[1] = ['xiaogongzhu','chaomei']

print(name)

3.6.2 切片的方式插入

1：首先把切片元素删除

2：将添加元素以迭代方式插入

name = ["wangys","lala"]

name[1:] = 'haha'

print(name)

name = ["wangys","lala"]

name[1:] = ["xiaogongzhu","chaomei"]

print(name)

3.7 元素查找

3.7.1 查看所有元素

name = ['wangys','xiaogongzhu']

for i inname:

print(i)

3.7.2 查看前两个元素

查出来的是一个列表

name = ['wangys','xiaogongzhu']

print(name[:2])

3.8 ：列表的一些公共方法

3.8.1  查看列表的长度

wangys_info = ["wangys",23,'male']

l =len(wangys_info)

print(l)

3.8.2  查看列表中某元素的个数

num = [1,2,3,1,2,4]

CountOf1=num.count(1)

print(CountOf1)

3.8.3  根据元素看索引

如果元素不存在报错

wangys_info = ["wangys",23,'male']

print(wangys_info.index('male'))

print(wangys_info.index('malea'))

3.8.4  排序

正向排序

num = [3,6,2,5,4]

num.sort()

print(num)

反向排序

num = [3,6,2,5,4]

num.sort(reverse=True)

print(num)

3.8.5 列表反转

num = [3,6,2,5,4]

num.reverse()

print(num)

3.9 ：列表的嵌套

wangys_info = ['wangys',23,'male',['sing','play',22],25]

取出wangys里的a

wangys_info = ['wangys',23,'male',['sing','play',22],25]

print(wangys_info[0][1])

将列表的第一个元素大写并替换之前的元素

wangys_info = ['wangys',23,'male',['sing','play',22],25]

wangys_info[0] =wangys_info[0].capitalize()

print(wangys_info)

将王诚替换为王永胜

wangys_info = ['wangys',23,'王诚',['sing','play',22],25]

wangys_info[2] = wangys_info[2].replace('诚','永胜')

print(wangys_info)

wangys_info = ['wangys',23,'王诚',['sing','play',22],25]

wangys_info[3][1] = wangys_info[3][1].upper()

print(wangys_info)