python绘制正态分布图_Python绘制正态分布曲线

使用Python绘制正态分布曲线，借助matplotlib绘图工具； $$ f(x) = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}\sigma}\exp(-\dfrac{(x-\mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}) $$

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-

"""

python绘制标准正态分布曲线

"""

# ==============================================================

import numpy as np

import math

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def gd(x, mu=0, sigma=1):

"""根据公式，由自变量x计算因变量的值

Argument:

x: array

输入数据(自变量)

mu: float

均值

sigma: float

方差

"""

left = 1 / (np.sqrt(2 * math.pi) * np.sqrt(sigma))

right = np.exp(-(x - mu)**2 / (2 * sigma))

return left * right

if __name__ == '__main__':

# 自变量

x = np.arange(-4, 5, 0.1)

# 因变量(不同均值或方差)

y_1 = gd(x, 0, 0.2)

y_2 = gd(x, 0, 1.0)

y_3 = gd(x, 0, 5.0)

y_4 = gd(x, -2, 0.5)

# 绘图

plt.plot(x, y_1, color='green')

plt.plot(x, y_2, color='blue')

plt.plot(x, y_3, color='yellow')

plt.plot(x, y_4, color='red')

# 设置坐标系

plt.xlim(-5.0, 5.0)

plt.ylim(-0.2, 1)

ax = plt.gca()

ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')

ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')

ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')

ax.spines['bottom'].set_position(('data', 0))

ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')

ax.spines['left'].set_position(('data', 0))

plt.legend(labels=['$\mu = 0, \sigma^2=0.2$', '$\mu = 0, \sigma^2=1.0$', '$\mu = 0, \sigma^2=5.0$', '$\mu = -2, \sigma^2=0.5$'])

plt.show()