dict.setdefault(key, default=None) --> 有key获取值,否则设置 key:default,并返回default,default默认值为None
dict.get(key, default=None) --> 有key获取值,否则返回default。default默认值为None。
例子:循环迭代message字符串中每个字符,计算每个字符出现的次数
import pprint
message = "It is a good day, is not it?I mean the weather is good today."
count1 = {}
for char in message:
count1.setdefault(char, 0)
count1[char] += 1
count2 = {}
for char in message:
count2[char] = count2.get(char, 0) + 1
pprint.pprint(count1)
pprint.pprint(count2)
扩展:
defaultdict:属于collections 模块下的一个工厂函数,用于构建字典对象,接收一个函数(可调用)对象为作为参数。参数返回的类型是什么,key对应value就是什么类型。
例子:
一般写法:
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
result = {}
for (key, value) in data:
if key not in result:
result[key] = []
result[key].append(value)
setdefault:
result = {}
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
for (key, value) in data:
result.setdefault(key, []).append(value)
defaultdict:
from collections import defaultdict
result = defaultdict(list)
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3),
("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)]
for (key, value) in data:
result[key].append(value)
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。