yum nginx php mysql_CentOS 7 yum nginx MySQL PHP 简易环境搭建

用centos自带的yum源来安装nginx，mysql和php，超级方便，省去编译的麻烦，省去自己配置的麻烦，还能节省非常多的时间。

我们先把yum源换成国内的阿里云镜像源(当然不换也可以)，先备份一下原来的源镜像文件，以免出错后可以恢复：

[root@192 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/，版本根据自己的系统版本选择下载：

CentOS 5wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

CentOS6wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS7wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

更改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo使其为不生效：

enabled=0

运行yum makecache生成缓存:

yum clean all

yum makecache

yum update

安装Nginx

由于yum源中没有我们想要的nginx，那么我们就需要创建一个“/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo”的文件，其实就是新增一个yum源。

[root@192 yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

把如下内容复制进去：

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0enabled=1

然后保存退出，输入 yum list nginx 查看，

[root@192yum.repos.d]# yum list nginx

已加载插件：fastestmirror

nginx| 2.9 kB 00:00:00nginx/7/x86_64/primary_db | 18 kB 00:00:04Loading mirror speedsfromcached hostfile* base: mirrors.aliyun.com*extras: mirrors.aliyun.com*updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

可安装的软件包

nginx.x86_641:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

[root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum list |grep nginx

nginx.x86_641:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-geoip.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-njs.x86_64 1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx

nginx

nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-2.el7.ngx

nginx

nginx-module-perl.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-xslt.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64 1:1.10.2-1.el7.ngx nginx

nginx-nr-agent.noarch 2.0.0-10.el7.ngx nginx

pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64 3.10.6-2.el7 base[root@192 yum.repos.d]#

如果执行命令是这样的显示效果，那么我们的nginx的yum源就配置成功啦！

然后要安装我们的nginx就直接执行：

yum -y install nginx

这样nginx的最新官网版本就安装好了！

启动nginx：

# nginx #启动nginx

# curl127.0.0.1

Welcome to nginx!

width: 35em;

margin:0auto;

font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;

}

Welcome to nginx!

If you see this page, the nginx web server issuccessfully installed and

working. Further configurationis required.

For online documentation and support please refer tonginx.org.
Commercial supportisavailable atnginx.com.

Thank you for using nginx.

安装MySQL 5.7版本，官网http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

可以看到已经有了，并且5.7版本已经启用，可以直接安装：

root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all |grep mysql

mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 启用: 24mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community -Sourc 禁用

mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 启用: 38mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community -Source 禁用

mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用

mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview -Source 禁用

mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5Community Server 禁用

mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server -Sourc 禁用

mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6Community Server 禁用

mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server -Sourc 禁用

mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 启用: 146mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server -Sourc 禁用

mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0Community Server 禁用

mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server -Sourc 禁用

[root@192 yum.repos.d]#

如果没有开启，或者你想要选择需要的版本进行安装，修改 /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，选择需要的版本把enable改为1即可，其它的改为0：

修改好后查看可用的安装版本：

[root@192 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist enabled |grep mysql

mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 24mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 38mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 146

不用犹豫，开始安装吧！

yum -y install mysql-community-server

……经过漫长的等待后，看到下图所示：

开始启动mysql：

service mysqld start

Redirecting to/bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

看下mysql的启动状态：

[root@192yum.repos.d]# service mysqld status

Redirecting to/bin/systemctl status mysqld.service

● mysqld.service-MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since 日2016-10-23 22:51:48CST; 3min 14s ago

Process:36884 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process:36810 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID:36887(mysqld)

CGroup:/system.slice/mysqld.service

└─36887 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

10月23 22:51:45 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

10月23 22:51:48 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

10月23 22:52:24 192.168.0.14 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

开机启动设置：

systemctl enable mysqld

systemctl daemon-reload

mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码，然后登录mysql进行修改：

[root@192 yum.repos.d]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log2016-10-23T14:51:45.705458Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: a&sqr7dou7N_

mysql -uroot -p

修改root密码：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassWord!';

注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件，默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误，如下图所示：

通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息：

mysql> show variables like '%password%';+---------------------------------------+--------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------------------------+--------+

| default_password_lifetime | 0 |

| disconnect_on_expired_password | ON |

| log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF |

| mysql_native_password_proxy_users | OFF |

| old_passwords | 0 |

| report_password | |

| sha256_password_proxy_users | OFF |

| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |

| validate_password_dictionary_file | |

| validate_password_length | 8 |

| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |

| validate_password_number_count | 1 |

| validate_password_policy | MEDIUM |

| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |

+---------------------------------------+--------+

14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

validate_password_policy：密码策略，默认为MEDIUM策略

validate_password_dictionary_file：密码策略文件，策略为STRONG才需要

validate_password_length：密码最少长度

validate_password_mixed_case_count：大小写字符长度，至少1个

validate_password_number_count ：数字至少1个

validate_password_special_char_count：特殊字符至少1个

上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。

修改密码策略

如果想修改密码策略，在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置：

# 选择0(LOW)，1(MEDIUM)，2(STRONG)其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件

validate_password_policy=0

配置默认编码为utf8

修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示：

[mysqld]

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重新启动mysql服务使配置生效：

systemctl restart mysqld

添加远程登录用户

默认只允许root帐户在本地登录，如果要在其它机器上连接mysql，必须修改root允许远程连接，或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户，为了安全起见，我们添加一个新的帐户：

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'evai'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '@evai2016' WITH GRANT OPTION;

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

这样远程就可以用账户名为evai，密码为@evai2016来登录数据库了，运行 select host, user from mysql.user 查看下：

mysql> select host,user frommysql.user;+-----------+-----------+

| host | user |

+-----------+-----------+

| % | evai |

| localhost | mysql.sys |

| localhost | root |

+-----------+-----------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

安装PHP7

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

执行命令安装php7：

yum install php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 php70w-mysql.x86_64 php70w-pdo.x86_64

安装php-fpm：

yum install php70w-fpm php70w-opcache

启动php-fpm：

systemctl start php-fpm

修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 文件，找到下面这段并改为如下所示：

location ~\.php$ {

root/usr/share/nginx/html;

fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

接着到 /usr/share/nginx/html 目录下创建一个test.php文件，内容为phpinfo():

vi /usr/share/nginx/html/test.php

#内容<?php

phpinfo();

保存退出。接着重启nginx：

nginx -s reload

打开浏览器，看到如下图说明运行成功：

至此环境搭建完成。