关于Nologging和append,一直存在很多误解,经过一系列研究,终于发现了Nologging的真相,
我们来看一下:
1.对于logging 的table处理
a.非归档模式下:
SQL> archive
log list;
Database log
mode No Archive Mode
Automatic
archival Enabled
Archive
destination
/opt/oracle/oradata/hsjf/archive
Oldest online
log sequence 155
Current log
sequence 157
SQL> @redo
SQL> create
table test as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
63392
SQL> insert
into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1150988
SQL> insert
/*+ append */ into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1152368
SQL> select
(1152368 -1150988) redo_append,(1150988 -63392) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
-----------
----------
1380
1087596
SQL> drop
table test;
Table
dropped.
我们看到在Noarchivelog模式下,对于常规表的insert append只产生少量redo
b.归档模式下
SQL> shutdown
immediate
Database closed.
Database
dismounted.
ORACLE instance
shut down.
SQL> startup
mount
ORACLE instance
started.
Total System
Global Area 235999908 bytes
Fixed Size 451236 bytes
Variable
Size 201326592 bytes
Database
Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo
Buffers 667648 bytes
Database
mounted.
SQL> alter
database archivelog;
Database
altered.
SQL> alter
database open;
Database
altered.
SQL> @redo
SQL> create
table test as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
56288
SQL> insert
into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1143948
SQL> insert
/*+ append */ into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
2227712
SQL> select
(2227712 -1143948) redo_append,(1143948 -56288) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
-----------
----------
1083764
1087660
SQL> drop
table test;
Table
dropped.
我们看到在归档模式下,对于常规表的insert append产生和insert同样的redo
此时的insert append实际上并不会有性能提高.
但是此时的append是生效了的
通过Logmnr分析日志得到以下结果:
SQL> select
operation,count(*)
2 from
v$logmnr_contents
3
group by operation;
OPERATION COUNT(*)
--------------------------------
----------
COMMIT 17
DIRECT
INSERT 10470
INTERNAL 49
START 17
1
我们注意到这里是DIRECT INSERT,而且是10470条记录,也就是每条记录都记录了redo.
2.对于Nologging的table的处理
a.非归档模式下
SQL> shutdown
immediate
Database closed.
Database
dismounted.
ORACLE instance
shut down.
SQL> startup
mount
ORACLE instance
started.
Total System
Global Area 235999908 bytes
Fixed Size 451236 bytes
Variable
Size 201326592 bytes
Database
Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo
Buffers 667648 bytes
Database
mounted.
SQL> alter
database noarchivelog;
Database
altered.
SQL> alter
database open;
Database
altered.
SQL> @redo
SQL> create
table test nologging as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
56580
SQL> insert
into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1144148
SQL> insert
/*+ append */ into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
1145528
SQL> select
(1145528 -1144148) redo_append,(1144148 -56580) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
-----------
----------
1380
1087568
同样只有append才能减少redo的生成.
b. 归档模式下
SQL> create
table test nologging as select * from dba_objects where 1=0;
Table created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
2270284
SQL> insert
into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
3357644
SQL> insert
/*+ append */ into test select * from dba_objects;
10470 rows
created.
SQL> select *
from redo_size;
VALUE
----------
3359024
SQL> select
(3359024 -3357644) redo_append,(3357644 - 2270284) redo from dual;
REDO_APPEND REDO
-----------
----------
1380
1087360
SQL> drop
table test;
Table dropped.
我们注意到,只有append才能减少redo
补充:
如果数据库开启了强记日志模式,在表上修改nologging是没有用的。
开启强记日志模式
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
YES
关闭强记日志模式
SQL> alter database no force logging;
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
查看普通表的logging状态
SQL>select table_name,logging from dba_tables;
查看分区表的logging状态
SQL>select table_name,logging from dba_tab_partitions;
总结
非归档
归档
Logging
产生大量日志
产生大量日志
Nologging
产生大量日志
产生大量日志
Append
产生少量日志
产生大量日志
Append+Nologing
产生少量日志
产生少量日志