1
、固定列数的行列转换 如 student subject grade
--
------- ---------- --------
student1 语文
80
student1 数学
70
student1 英语
60
student2 语文
90
student2 数学
80
student2 英语
100
…… 转换为 语文 数学 英语 student1
80
70
60
student2
90
80
100
…… 语句如下:
select
student,
sum
(decode(subject,
'
语文
'
, grade,
null
)) "语文",
sum
(decode(subject,
'
数学
'
, grade,
null
)) "数学",
sum
(decode(subject,
'
英语
'
, grade,
null
)) "英语"
from
table
group
by
student;
2
、不定列行列转换 如 c1 c2
--
- -----------
1
我
1
是
1
谁
2
知
2
道
3
不 …… 转换为
1
我是谁
2
知道
3
不 这一类型的转换可以借助于PL
/
SQL来完成,这里给一个例子
CREATE
OR
REPLACE
FUNCTION
get_c2(tmp_c1
NUMBER
)
RETURN
VARCHAR2
IS
Col_c2
VARCHAR2
(
4000
);
BEGIN
FOR
cur
IN
(
SELECT
c2
FROM
t
WHERE
c1
=
tmp_c1) LOOP Col_c2 :
=
Col_c2
||
cur.c2;
END
LOOP; Col_c2 :
=
rtrim
(Col_c2,
1
);
RETURN
Col_c2;
END
;
select
distinct
c1 ,get_c2(c1) cc2
from
table
; 或者不用pl
/
sql,利用分析函数和 CONNECT_BY 实现:
SELECT
c1, SUBSTR (
MAX
(SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH (c2,
'
;
'
)),
2
) NAME
FROM
(
SELECT
c1, c2, rn, LEAD (rn)
OVER
(PARTITION
BY
c1
ORDER
BY
rn) rn1
FROM
(
SELECT
c1, c2, ROW_NUMBER ()
OVER
(
ORDER
BY
c2) rn
FROM
t)) START
WITH
rn1
IS
NULL
CONNECT
BY
rn1
=
PRIOR rn
GROUP
BY
c1;
3
、列数不固定(交叉表行列转置) 这种是比较麻烦的一种,需要借助pl
/
sql: 原始数据: CLASS1 CALLDATE CALLCOUNT
1
2005
-
08
-
08
40
1
2005
-
08
-
07
6
2
2005
-
08
-
08
77
3
2005
-
08
-
09
33
3
2005
-
08
-
08
9
3
2005
-
08
-
07
21
转置后: CALLDATE CallCount1 CallCount2 CallCount3
--
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
2005
-
08
-
09
0
0
33
2005
-
08
-
08
40
77
9
2005
-
08
-
07
6
0
21
试验如下:
1
). 建立测试表和数据
CREATE
TABLE
t( class1
VARCHAR2
(
2
BYTE), calldate DATE, callcount
INTEGER
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
1
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/08/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
40
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
1
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/07/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
6
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
2
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/08/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
77
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
3
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/09/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
33
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
3
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/08/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
9
);
INSERT
INTO
t(class1, calldate, callcount)
VALUES
(
'
3
'
, TO_DATE (
'
08/07/2005
'
,
'
MM/DD/YYYY
'
),
21
);
COMMIT
;
2
). 建立ref cursor准备输出结果集
CREATE
OR
REPLACE
PACKAGE pkg_getrecord
IS
TYPE myrctype
IS
REF
CURSOR
;
END
pkg_getrecord;
/
3
). 建立动态sql交叉表函数,输出结果集
CREATE
OR
REPLACE
FUNCTION
fn_rs
RETURN
pkg_getrecord.myrctype
IS
s
VARCHAR2
(
4000
);
CURSOR
c1
IS
SELECT
'
,sum(case when Class1=
'
||
class1
||
'
then CallCount else 0 end)
'
||
'
"CallCount
'
||
class1
||
'
"
'
c2
FROM
t
GROUP
BY
class1; r1 c1
%
ROWTYPE; list_cursor pkg_getrecord.myrctype;
BEGIN
s :
=
'
select CallDate
'
;
OPEN
c1; LOOP
FETCH
c1
INTO
r1;
EXIT
WHEN
c1
%
NOTFOUND; s :
=
s
||
r1.c2;
END
LOOP;
CLOSE
c1; s :
=
s
||
'
from T group by CallDate order by CallDate desc
'
;
OPEN
list_cursor
FOR
s;
RETURN
list_cursor;
END
fn_rs;
/
4
). 测试在sql plus下执行:
var
results refcursor;
exec
:results :
=
fn_rs;
results; CALLDATE CallCount1 CallCount2 CallCount3
--
------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
2005
-
08
-
09
0
0
33
2005
-
08
-
08
40
77
9
2005
-
08
-
07
6
0
21