Java Web实现简易的图书管理系统
这是一个使用Java Web相关的知识做出来的网页图书管理系统，使用的数据库为mysql。
程序中实现了登录功能和对图书表、图书类别表的增删查改功能。
因为我对Java Web相关的知识的了解还非常有限，所以这个程序的功能和实现上都还有着很多需要完善的地方。
运行效果：
使用到的知识：
java、servlet、jsp、jdbc
html、css、js、jquery、bootstrap
运行环境：
Windows JDK9 IDEA2020 MySQL5.7.29
问题：
编写程序期间我遇到了很多问题，其中有两个大问题困扰了我很久，在此我将其记录下来：
第一个问题是，(idea)java web项目无法正常使用 项目/lib路径下的项目依赖，需要将其添加到web/WEB-INF/lib路径下才可以。因为这个问题我耽误了很久的时间，因为这个问题在搜索引擎上搜不到答案，而且它也不是一个逻辑上的问题，让别人看别人也看不出来。最终我还是在csdn上胡乱搜索的时候，碰巧看到了这个问题的答案。在此我非常感谢提供了该问题答案的那一位博主。
第二个问题是，在jsp页面上，我始终不知道怎么用jstl标签和el表达式获取从servlet传来的信息，这个问题是我对相关知识不熟悉导致的。最终我选择了使用<%%>最原始的方式实现了相关功能。
其他：
以后在开始动手写一个项目之前，尤其是以后的web项目这样的前端和后端都有的项目时，一定要保证自己已经熟悉了所学的知识，最好能跟着别人先做一个类似的项目，不然会面临自己没有见过的困难，而且开发效率也会很低。
一开始，我是准备使用我刚学的原生spring框架的ioc和jdbc template功能来辅助完成这个项目的，但后来因为使用jdbc模板操作数据库时程序始终会出现部署工件失败的问题，所以放弃了。对jdbc封装的类我是从另一位博主的文章上找的
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36380516/article/details/72904214，非常感谢这位博主。
代码：
下面放出部分代码，如果您想要查看该程序的完整代码，请私信我发给您
LoginServlet.java
package BookDaoImpl.java
package main.java.dao;
import main.java.entity.Book;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
@Override
public void add(Book book) {
String sql = "insert into `book` (book_name,book_author,book_price,book_desc,book_type_id) values(?,?,?,?,?)";
MyJDBC.insert(sql, true, book.getBookName(), book.getBookAuthor(), book.getBookPrice(), book.getBookDesc(), book.getBookTypeId());
}
@Override
public void update(Book book) {
String sql = "update `book` set `book_name`=?, book_author=?, book_price=?, book_desc=?, book_type_id=? WHERE book_id=?";
MyJDBC.execute(sql,book.getBookName(), book.getBookAuthor(), book.getBookPrice(), book.getBookDesc(), book.getBookTypeId(), book.getBookId());
}
@Override
public List<Book> queryAll() {
return whereQuery("select * from `book`");
}
@Override
public void delete(String id) {
String SQL = "delete from `book` where book_id=?";
MyJDBC.execute(SQL, id);
}
/**
* 根据sql参数查找全部结果
*/
@Override
public List<Book> whereQuery(String sql) {
ResultSet result = MyJDBC.query(sql);
List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<>();
try {
while (result.next()) {
Book book = new Book();
book.setBookId(result.getInt(1) + "");
book.setBookName(result.getString(2));
book.setBookAuthor(result.getString(3));
book.setBookPrice(result.getString(4));
book.setBookDesc(result.getString(5));
book.setBookTypeId(result.getInt(6) + "");
bookList.add(book);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bookList;
}
}index.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: ASUS
Date: 2020/9/18
Time: 19:59
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page import="java.io.*,java.util.*,java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%@ page import="main.java.entity.BookType" %>
<%@ page import="main.java.service.BookTypeService" %>
<%@ page import="main.java.service.BookService" %>
<%@ page import="main.java.entity.Book" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql"%>
<!-- 登录界面 -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>首页</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/webapps/css/bootstrap-theme.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/webapps/css/bootstrap.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/webapps/css/index.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<sql:setDataSource var="snapshot" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/books_management?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"
user="root" password="123456"/>
<div class="topbar">
<div class="title col-lg-2 col-lg-offset-5">图书管理系统</div>
</div>
<div class="content">
<div class="sidebar">
<ul>
<li style="background-color: #4c7bd2; box-shadow:0px 0px 6px black inset;"><span>图书管理</span></li>
<li><span>图书类别管理</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul class="win-ul">
<li style="display: block;" id="win-1">
<div class="top" style="width: 860px;">
<div class="top-content">
<form action="" method="get">
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookName" placeholder="图书名称"
style="width:260px;"/>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookAuthor" placeholder="图书作者"
style="width:260px; margin-left: 30px;"/>
<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result_bookTypeId">
SELECT * from books_type;
</sql:query>
<select class="form-control" style="width: 100px; margin-left: 30px;" name="bookTypeId">
<option>全部</option>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result_bookTypeId.rows}">
<option>${row.book_type_id}</option>
</c:forEach>
</select>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary query-but" style="margin-left: 60px;"> 查询 </button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="win-table table-responsive">
<!-- 添加界面 -->
<div class="table-add-back"> <!-- 背景 -->
<div class="table-add-content"> <!-- 内容 -->
<div class="close-but btn btn-default">X</div>
<label class="title">图书添加</label>
<form class="input-box" action="/bookAddServlet" method="get">
<input type="text" name="bookNameAdd" class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" placeholder="图书名称"/>
<input type="text" name="bookAuthorAdd" class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" placeholder="图书作者"/>
<input type="text" name="bookPriceNameAdd" class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" placeholder="图书价格"/>
<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result_bookTypeId">
SELECT * from books_type;
</sql:query>
<select class="form-control" style="width: 100px; margin-left: 22px;" name="bookTypeIdAdd">
<c:forEach var="row" items="${result_bookTypeId.rows}">
<option>${row.book_type_id}</option>
</c:forEach>
</select>
<textarea class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" rows="6" name="bookDesc" placeholder="图书描述"></textarea>
<button type="submit" class="table-add-but btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<input type="button" name="table_add" value=" 添加 " class="btn btn-success add-button" style="font-weight: bold;"/>
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover" style="width: inherit;">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>图书id</td>
<td>图书名称</td>
<td>图书作者</td>
<td>图书价格</td>
<td>图书描述</td>
<td>图书类别id</td>
<td class="oper-cell-book">操作</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<%-- 图书表格内容 --%>
<sql:query dataSource="${snapshot}" var="result_book">
SELECT * from `book`;
</sql:query>
<tbody class="table-tbody">
<%
String bookName = request.getParameter("bookName");;
String bookAuthor = request.getParameter("bookAuthor");
String bookTypeId = request.getParameter("bookTypeId");
//要执行的sql语句前部分
StringBuilder sqlBuilder = new StringBuilder("SELECT * FROM book");
boolean flag_WHERE = false; //是否添加WHERE标记
//图书名文本区不为空
if (!(bookName == null)) {
sqlBuilder.append(" WHERE " + "book_name LIKE '%"+ bookName +"%'");
flag_WHERE = true;
}
//图书作者文本区不为空
if (!(bookAuthor == null)) {
if(!flag_WHERE) {
sqlBuilder.append(" WHERE ");
flag_WHERE = true;
}
else
sqlBuilder.append(" AND ");
sqlBuilder.append("book_author LIKE '%"+ bookAuthor +"%'");
}
if(bookTypeId != null) {
//不为全部时
if (!bookTypeId.equals("全部")) {
if(!flag_WHERE) {
sqlBuilder.append(" WHERE ");
flag_WHERE = true;
}
else
sqlBuilder.append(" AND ");
sqlBuilder.append("book_type_id = '"+ bookTypeId +"'");
}
}
String bookSQL = sqlBuilder.toString(); //得到需要执行的sql语句
System.out.println(bookSQL);
BookService bookService = new BookService();
List<Book> bookList = bookService.whereQueryBook(bookSQL);
for(Book book : bookList) {
out.print("<tr>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookId() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookName() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookAuthor() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookPrice() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookDesc() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + book.getBookTypeId() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" +
"<a class="updent-but-book" href="" + request.getContextPath() + "/webapps/bookUpdate.jsp?id=" + book.getBookId() + "">修改</a>"+
"<a class="updent-but-book" href="" + request.getContextPath() + "/BookDeleteServlet?id=" + book.getBookId() + "">删除</a>"+
"</td>");
out.print("</tr>");
}
%>
</tbody>
</table>
<%-- 暂时不做分页--%>
<%-- <div class="bottom-but">--%>
<%-- <ul class="bottom-but-ul">--%>
<%-- <li>1</li>--%>
<%-- </ul>--%>
<%-- </div>--%>
</div>
</li>
<!-- 图书类别管理界面 -->
<li id="win-2">
<div class="top">
<div class="top-content">
<form action="" method="get">
<input type="text" class="form-control query-text" name="bookTypeName" placeholder="图书类别名称"
style="width:400px;"/>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary query-but" style="margin-left: 50px;"> 查询 </button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="win-table table-responsive">
<!-- 添加界面 -->
<div class="table-add-back"> <!-- 背景 -->
<div class="table-add-content"> <!-- 内容 -->
<div class="close-but btn btn-default">X</div>
<label class="title">图书类别添加</label>
<form class="input-box" action="/BookTypeAddServlet" method="get">
<input type="text" name="bookTypeNameAdd" class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" placeholder="图书类别名称"/>
<textarea class="table-add-text form-control text-flag" rows="6" name="bookTypeDesc" placeholder="图书类别描述"></textarea>
<button type="submit" class="table-add-but btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<input type="button" name="table_add" value=" 添加 " class="btn btn-success add-button" style="font-weight: bold;"/>
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover" style="width: inherit;">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>图书类别id</td>
<td>图书类别名称</td>
<td>图书类别描述</td>
<td class="oper-cell">操作</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="table-tbody">
<%
String bookTypeName = request.getParameter("bookTypeName");
String sql1 = "SELECT * FROM books_type WHERE book_type_name LIKE "%"+ bookTypeName +"%"";
if(bookTypeName == null || bookTypeName.equals("")) {
sql1 = null;
}
String sql = sql1;
System.out.println(sql + "sql");
if(sql == null) {
sql = "select * from `books_type`";
}
System.out.println(sql + "sql");
BookTypeService service = new BookTypeService();
List<BookType> bookTypeList = service.whereQueryBookType(sql);
for(BookType type : bookTypeList) {
out.print("<tr>");
out.print("<td>" + type.getTypeId() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + type.getTypeName() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" + type.getTypeDesc() + "</td>");
out.print("<td>" +
"<a class="updent-but-book" href="" + request.getContextPath() + "/webapps/bookTypeUpdate.jsp?id=" + type.getTypeId() + "">修改</a>"+
"<a class="updent-but-book" href="" + request.getContextPath() + "/BookTypeDeleteServlet?id=" + type.getTypeId() + "">删除</a>"+
"</td>");
out.print("</tr>");
}
%>
</tbody>
</table>
<%-- 暂时不做分页--%>
<%-- <div class="bottom-but">--%>
<%-- <ul class="bottom-but-ul">--%>
<%-- <li>1</li>--%>
<%-- </ul>--%>
<%-- </div>--%>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/webapps/javascript/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/webapps/javascript/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>----
如果您有什么问题，也欢迎提出，感谢支持。
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