python中init和属性_python类的属性不在\uyu init中__

它是类属性、实例属性和动态属性。当您这样做时：class Car():

def __init__(self):

pass

c = Car()

c.speed = 3

c.time = 5

speed和time是动态属性(不确定这是否是正式术语)。如果类的用法是在调用Car的任何其他方法之前设置这些属性，那么这些方法可以使用self.speed。否则，将出现一个错误：

^{pr2}$

发生这种情况是因为对于c，速度和时间是Car实例的属性。它们的存在或价值不会在其他Car实例中传播。因此，当我创建d并尝试查找d.speed时，该属性不存在。正如你在自己的评论中所说的，“当它们第一次被分配到时，它们就会出现。”I accidentally found that I don't have to init attributes in init. I learn from every tutor I have to put assignment in init like below.

你的导师错得很厉害，或者你误解了他们的意思。在您给出的示例中，每辆车的首字母speed和{}。通常，__init__将如下所示：class Car():

def __init__(self, speed, time): # notice that speed and time are

# passed as arguments to init

self.speed = speed

self.time = time

然后您可以用Car初始化Car。或者在init中输入默认值(如果是可选的)。在class Dog:

kind = 'canine' # class variable shared by all instances

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name # instance variable unique to each instance

>>> d = Dog('Fido')

>>> e = Dog('Buddy')

>>> d.kind # shared by all dogs

'canine'

>>> e.kind # shared by all dogs

'canine'

>>> d.name # unique to d

'Fido'

>>> e.name # unique to e

'Buddy'

>>> d.age = 3 # dynamic attribute/variable, unique to d

>>> d.age

3

>>> e.age # e doesn't have it at all

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

AttributeError: 'Dog' object has no attribute 'age'