python无法打开 firefox浏览器_无法打开浏览器与Firefox更新后硒

I use Selenium WebDriver on Ubuntu Desktop 16.04, and I can't open browser. I get the following error after Firefox update (before this, it all worked):

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "test.py", line 6, in

driver = webdriver.Firefox()

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 81, in __init__

self.binary, timeout)

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/extension_connection.py", line 51, in __init__

self.binary.launch_browser(self.profile, timeout=timeout)

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 68, in launch_browser

self._wait_until_connectable(timeout=timeout)

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 98, in _wait_until_connectable

raise WebDriverException("The browser appears to have exited "

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details.

解决方案

As of Firefox version 47.0 (which came out a little while a go), a new driver must be used (created by mozilla instead of selenium) to connect to Firefox, because of a bug introduces in this version. As of Firefox version 48.0 the old driver will be deprecated completely and only Marionette can be used so it is better to switch now. See: Marionette Webdriver for Firefox

Download the driver, rename the executable to wires.exe on windows, or wires on *nix systems, and make sure the executable is present in your system path, then use this driver in your program instead of the old driver by using the following:

When using a local webdriver:

Python:

firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX

firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True

driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities)

Ruby:

driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, marionette: true

Javascript:

var capabilities = Capabilities.firefox();

capabilities.set('marionette', true);

var driver = new webdriver.Builder().withCapabilities(capabilities).build();

Java:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();

capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);

Webdriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);

C#:

var driver = new FirefoxDriver(new FirefoxOptions());

When using selenium grid:

When using a selenium grid the driver should be present in the path for all machines in your grid.

Python:

firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX

firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True

driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities)

Ruby:

caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.firefox marionette: true

driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :firefox, desired_capabilities: caps

Java:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();

// Set Marionette on so the Grid will use this instead of normal FirefoxDriver

capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);

WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(capabilities);

C#:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.Firefox();

// Set Marionette on so the Grid will use this instead of normal FirefoxDriver

capabilities.SetCapability("marionette", true);

var driver = new RemoteWebDriver(capabilities);