您可以使用的一些变量:
# Reset
Color_Off='\033[0m'# Text Reset# Regular Colors
Black='\033[0;30m'# Black
Red='\033[0;31m'# Red
Green='\033[0;32m'# Green
Yellow='\033[0;33m'# Yellow
Blue='\033[0;34m'# Blue
Purple='\033[0;35m'# Purple
Cyan='\033[0;36m'# Cyan
White='\033[0;37m'# White# Bold
BBlack='\033[1;30m'# Black
BRed='\033[1;31m'# Red
BGreen='\033[1;32m'# Green
BYellow='\033[1;33m'# Yellow
BBlue='\033[1;34m'# Blue
BPurple='\033[1;35m'# Purple
BCyan='\033[1;36m'# Cyan
BWhite='\033[1;37m'# White# Underline
UBlack='\033[4;30m'# Black
URed='\033[4;31m'# Red
UGreen='\033[4;32m'# Green
UYellow='\033[4;33m'# Yellow
UBlue='\033[4;34m'# Blue
UPurple='\033[4;35m'# Purple
UCyan='\033[4;36m'# Cyan
UWhite='\033[4;37m'# White# Background
On_Black='\033[40m'# Black
On_Red='\033[41m'# Red
On_Green='\033[42m'# Green
On_Yellow='\033[43m'# Yellow
On_Blue='\033[44m'# Blue
On_Purple='\033[45m'# Purple
On_Cyan='\033[46m'# Cyan
On_White='\033[47m'# White# High Intensity
IBlack='\033[0;90m'# Black
IRed='\033[0;91m'# Red
IGreen='\033[0;92m'# Green
IYellow='\033[0;93m'# Yellow
IBlue='\033[0;94m'# Blue
IPurple='\033[0;95m'# Purple
ICyan='\033[0;96m'# Cyan
IWhite='\033[0;97m'# White# Bold High Intensity
BIBlack='\033[1;90m'# Black
BIRed='\033[1;91m'# Red
BIGreen='\033[1;92m'# Green
BIYellow='\033[1;93m'# Yellow
BIBlue='\033[1;94m'# Blue
BIPurple='\033[1;95m'# Purple
BICyan='\033[1;96m'# Cyan
BIWhite='\033[1;97m'# White# High Intensity backgrounds
On_IBlack='\033[0;100m'# Black
On_IRed='\033[0;101m'# Red
On_IGreen='\033[0;102m'# Green
On_IYellow='\033[0;103m'# Yellow
On_IBlue='\033[0;104m'# Blue
On_IPurple='\033[0;105m'# Purple
On_ICyan='\033[0;106m'# Cyan
On_IWhite='\033[0;107m'# White
bash中的转义字符,十六进制和八进制分别是:
| | bash | hex | octal | NOTE |
|-------+-------+---------+---------+------------------------------|
| start | \e | \x1b | \033 | |
| start | \E | \x1B | - | x cannot be capital |
| end | \e[0m | \x1b[0m | \033[0m | |
| end | \e[m | \x1b[m | \033[m | 0 is appended if you omit it |
| | | | | |
简短示例:
| color | bash | hex | octal | NOTE |
|-------------+--------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------------------------|
| start green | \e[32m<text> | \x1b[32m<text> | \033[32m<text> | m is NOT optional |
| reset | <text>\e[0m | <text>\1xb[0m | <text>\033[om | o is optional (do it as best practice |
| | | | | |
庆典异常:
如果你打算在你的特殊 bash 变量中使用这些代码
PS0
PS1
PS2(=这是为了提示)
PS4
您应该添加额外的转义字符,以便狂欢可以正确地解释它们。如果不添加额外的转义字符,它可以工作,但是当您Ctrl + r在历史记录中使用搜索时,您会遇到问题。
bash 的例外规则
您应该在任何起始 ANSI 代码之前添加\[并\]在任何结束代码之后添加。
示例:
在常规用法中: \033[32mThis is in green\033[0m
对于 PS0/1/2/4: \[\033[32m\]This is in green\[\033[m\]
\[用于不可打印字符序列的开始
\]用于不可打印字符序列的结束
提示:为了记住它,您可以先添加\[\]然后将您的 ANSI 代码放在它们之间:
\[start-ANSI-code\]
\[end-ANSI-code\]
颜色序列类型:
3/4 位
8位
24位
在深入研究这些颜色之前,您应该了解这些代码的 4 种模式:
1. 颜色模式
它修改颜色而非文本的样式。例如,使颜色变亮或变暗。
0 重置
1; 比平常轻
2;比平常暗
这种模式没有得到广泛支持。它完全支持 Gnome-Terminal。
2.文本模式
此模式用于修改文本而非颜色的样式。
3;斜体
4;强调
5;闪烁(慢)
6;闪烁(快速)
7;撤销
8;隐藏
9;划掉
并且几乎得到支持。
例如 KDE-Konsole 支持5;但 Gnome-Terminal 不支持,Gnome 支持8;但 KDE 不支持。
3.前台模式
此模式用于为前景着色。
4.后台模式
此模式用于为背景着色。
下表显示了3/4 位版本的 ANSI 颜色的摘要
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| color-mode | octal | hex | bash | description | example (= in octal) | NOTE |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 0 | \033[0m | \x1b[0m | \e[0m | reset any affect | echo -e "\033[0m" | 0m equals to m |
| 1 | \033[1m | | | light (= bright) | echo -e "\033[1m####\033[m" | - |
| 2 | \033[2m | | | dark (= fade) | echo -e "\033[2m####\033[m" | - |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| text-mode | ~ | | | ~ | ~ | ~ |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 3 | \033[3m | | | italic | echo -e "\033[3m####\033[m" | |
| 4 | \033[4m | | | underline | echo -e "\033[4m####\033[m" | |
| 5 | \033[5m | | | blink (slow) | echo -e "\033[3m####\033[m" | |
| 6 | \033[6m | | | blink (fast) | ? | not wildly support |
| 7 | \003[7m | | | reverse | echo -e "\033[7m####\033[m" | it affects the background/foreground |
| 8 | \033[8m | | | hide | echo -e "\033[8m####\033[m" | it affects the background/foreground |
| 9 | \033[9m | | | cross | echo -e "\033[9m####\033[m" | |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| foreground | ~ | | | ~ | ~ | ~ |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 30 | \033[30m | | | black | echo -e "\033[30m####\033[m" | |
| 31 | \033[31m | | | red | echo -e "\033[31m####\033[m" | |
| 32 | \033[32m | | | green | echo -e "\033[32m####\033[m" | |
| 33 | \033[33m | | | yellow | echo -e "\033[33m####\033[m" | |
| 34 | \033[34m | | | blue | echo -e "\033[34m####\033[m" | |
| 35 | \033[35m | | | purple | echo -e "\033[35m####\033[m" | real name: magenta = reddish-purple |
| 36 | \033[36m | | | cyan | echo -e "\033[36m####\033[m" | |
| 37 | \033[37m | | | white | echo -e "\033[37m####\033[m" | |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 38 | 8/24 | This is for special use of 8-bit or 24-bit |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| background | ~ | | | ~ | ~ | ~ |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 40 | \033[40m | | | black | echo -e "\033[40m####\033[m" | |
| 41 | \033[41m | | | red | echo -e "\033[41m####\033[m" | |
| 42 | \033[42m | | | green | echo -e "\033[42m####\033[m" | |
| 43 | \033[43m | | | yellow | echo -e "\033[43m####\033[m" | |
| 44 | \033[44m | | | blue | echo -e "\033[44m####\033[m" | |
| 45 | \033[45m | | | purple | echo -e "\033[45m####\033[m" | real name: magenta = reddish-purple |
| 46 | \033[46m | | | cyan | echo -e "\033[46m####\033[m" | |
| 47 | \033[47m | | | white | echo -e "\033[47m####\033[m" | |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
| 48 | 8/24 | This is for special use of 8-bit or 24-bit | |
|------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------+------------------------------+--------------------------------------|
下表显示了8 位版本的 ANSI 颜色的摘要
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------|
| foreground | octal | hex | bash | description | example | NOTE |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------|
| 0-7 | \033[38;5 | \x1b[38;5 | \e[38;5 | standard. normal | echo -e '\033[38;5;1m####\033[m' | |
| 8-15 | | | | standard. light | echo -e '\033[38;5;9m####\033[m' | |
| 16-231 | | | | more resolution | echo -e '\033[38;5;45m####\033[m' | has no specific pattern |
| 232-255 | | | | | echo -e '\033[38;5;242m####\033[m' | from black to white |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------|
| foreground | octal | hex | bash | description | example | NOTE |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------|
| 0-7 | | | | standard. normal | echo -e '\033[48;5;1m####\033[m' | |
| 8-15 | | | | standard. light | echo -e '\033[48;5;9m####\033[m' | |
| 16-231 | | | | more resolution | echo -e '\033[48;5;45m####\033[m' | |
| 232-255 | | | | | echo -e '\033[48;5;242m####\033[m' | from black to white |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------------+------------------------------------+-------------------------|
8位快速测试:
for code in {0..255}; do echo -e "\e[38;05;${code}m $code: Test"; done
下表显示了24 位版本的 ANSI 颜色的摘要
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+------------------------------------------+-----------------|
| foreground | octal | hex | bash | description | example | NOTE |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+------------------------------------------+-----------------|
| 0-255 | \033[38;2 | \x1b[38;2 | \e[38;2 | R = red | echo -e '\033[38;2;255;0;02m####\033[m' | R=255, G=0, B=0 |
| 0-255 | \033[38;2 | \x1b[38;2 | \e[38;2 | G = green | echo -e '\033[38;2;;0;255;02m####\033[m' | R=0, G=255, B=0 |
| 0-255 | \033[38;2 | \x1b[38;2 | \e[38;2 | B = blue | echo -e '\033[38;2;0;0;2552m####\033[m' | R=0, G=0, B=255 |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+------------------------------------------+-----------------|
| background | octal | hex | bash | description | example | NOTE |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+------------------------------------------+-----------------|
| 0-255 | \033[48;2 | \x1b[48;2 | \e[48;2 | R = red | echo -e '\033[48;2;255;0;02m####\033[m' | R=255, G=0, B=0 |
| 0-255 | \033[48;2 | \x1b[48;2 | \e[48;2 | G = green | echo -e '\033[48;2;;0;255;02m####\033[m' | R=0, G=255, B=0 |
| 0-255 | \033[48;2 | \x1b[48;2 | \e[48;2 | B = blue | echo -e '\033[48;2;0;0;2552m####\033[m' | R=0, G=0, B=255 |
|------------+-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+------------------------------------------+-----------------|
一些屏幕截图
前景 8 位摘要.gif
背景中的 8 位摘要.gif
颜色摘要及其值
blinking在 KDE 终端上
一个简单的“C”代码,向您展示更多
我开发的一个更高级的工具来处理这些颜色:
色彩模式拍摄
文本模式拍摄
结合OK
这些代码只做着色吗?
不,他们可以做很多有趣的事情。尝试:
echo -e '\033[2K'# clear the screen and do not move the position
或者:
echo -e '\033[2J\033[u'# clear the screen and reset the position
有很多初学者想要清除屏幕system( "clear" )所以你可以使用它而不是system(3)调用
它们在 Unicode 中可用吗?
是的。\u001b
这些颜色的哪个版本更可取?
它易于使用3/4-bit,但使用起来更加准确和美观24-bit。
如果你没有经验网页格式所以这是一个快速教程:
24 位表示: 00000000和00000000和00000000。每个 8 位对应一种特定的颜色。