假设cpython:yes和no,从共享字典中获取/存储值实际上是安全的,因为多个并发读/写请求不会损坏字典。这是由于实现维护的全局解释器锁(“gil”)。即:
A线运行:
a = global_dict["foo"]
B线运行:
global_dict["bar"] = "hello"
线程C运行:
global_dict["baz"] = "world"
不会损坏字典,即使所有三次访问尝试同时发生。解释器将以某种未定义的方式序列化它们。
但是,以下序列的结果未定义:
线程A:
if "foo" not in global_dict:
global_dict["foo"] = 1
线程B:
global_dict["foo"] = 2
因为线程A中的测试/设置不是原子的(“检查时间/使用时间”竞争条件)。所以,一般来说,最好是锁上东西:
from threading import RLock
lock = RLock()
def thread_A():
lock.acquire()
try:
if "foo" not in global_dict:
global_dict["foo"] = 1
finally:
lock.release()
def thread_B():
lock.acquire()
try:
global_dict["foo"] = 2
finally:
lock.release()