python rgb库_python的skimage库 图像色彩空间转换 RGB到灰度；RGB到HSV

RGB 到 grayscale

from skimage.color import rgb2gray

grayscale = rgb2gray(original)

"""

================

RGB to grayscale

================

This example converts an image with RGB channels into an image with a single

grayscale channel.

The value of each grayscale pixel is calculated as the weighted sum of the

corresponding red, green and blue pixels as::

Y = 0.2125 R + 0.7154 G + 0.0721 B

"""

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from skimage import data

from skimage.color import rgb2gray

original = data.astronaut()

grayscale = rgb2gray(original)

fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(8, 4))

ax = axes.ravel()

ax[0].imshow(original)

ax[0].set_title("Original")

ax[1].imshow(grayscale, cmap=plt.cm.gray)

ax[1].set_title("Grayscale")

fig.tight_layout()

plt.show()

RGB 到 HSV

from skimage.color import rgb2hsv

hsv_img = rgb2hsv(rgb_img)

实验：将杯子从背景中简单分离

"""

==========

RGB to HSV

==========

This example illustrates how RGB to HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) conversion

can be used to facilitate segmentation processes.

Usually, objects in images have distinct colors (hues) and luminosities, so

that these features can be used to separate different areas of the image.

In the RGB representation the hue and the luminosity are expressed as a linear

combination of the R,G,B channels, whereas they correspond to single channels

of the HSV image (the Hue and the Value channels). A simple segmentation of the

image can then be effectively performed by a mere thresholding of the HSV

channels.

"""

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from skimage import data

from skimage.color import rgb2hsv

##############################################################################

# We first load the RGB image and extract the Hue and Value channels:

rgb_img = data.coffee()

hsv_img = rgb2hsv(rgb_img)

hue_img = hsv_img[:, :, 0]

value_img = hsv_img[:, :, 2]

fig, (ax0, ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(ncols=3, figsize=(8, 2))

ax0.imshow(rgb_img)

ax0.set_title("RGB image")

ax0.axis('off')

ax1.imshow(hue_img, cmap='hsv')

ax1.set_title("Hue channel")

ax1.axis('off')

ax2.imshow(value_img)

ax2.set_title("Value channel")

ax2.axis('off')

fig.tight_layout()

##############################################################################

# We then set a threshold on the Hue channel to separate the cup from the

# background:

hue_threshold = 0.04

binary_img = hue_img > hue_threshold

# print(hue_img) # 图像数值矩阵

# print(binary_img) # True or False 的一个矩阵

fig, (ax0, ax1) = plt.subplots(ncols=2, figsize=(8, 3))

# 参数2：bins

ax0.hist(hue_img.ravel(), 512)

ax0.set_title("Histogram of the Hue channel with threshold")

# 设置1条垂直于x轴的红色的虚线

ax0.axvline(x=hue_threshold, color='r', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=2)

# 设置x轴范围

ax0.set_xbound(0, 0.12)

ax1.imshow(binary_img)

ax1.set_title("Hue-thresholded image")

ax1.axis('off')

fig.tight_layout()

##############################################################################

# We finally perform an additional thresholding on the Value channel to partly

# remove the shadow of the cup:

fig, ax0 = plt.subplots(figsize=(4, 3))

value_threshold = 0.10

binary_img = (hue_img > hue_threshold) | (value_img < value_threshold)

ax0.imshow(binary_img)

ax0.set_title("Hue and value thresholded image")

ax0.axis('off')

fig.tight_layout()

plt.show()